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qui¹ (1113-19)

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The form chi² is a cross reference to the following entry:

qui¹ (1113-19)

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chi, cui; ki, ky; qi, qie, quy, qy;
(qui+en) kin, quin;
(qui+le) chil, kil, quil;
(qui+les) chis, kis, qis, quis;
(qui+ne) kin;
(qui+se) kis

FEW: qui 2/ii,146a Gdf: qui 6,509 GdfC: ∅ TL: qui 8,81 DEAF: qui DMF: qui 1 TLF: qui OED: ∅ MED: ∅ DMLBS: qui 2626b / quis 2636b

This article combines qui derived from the Latin interrogative pronoun quis and qui derived from the Latin relative pronoun qui. The word overlaps with que¹, which, strictly speaking, is the neuter and/or declined counterpart of qui¹. However, that distinction was frequently disregarded, already in twelfth-century texts, with qui¹, though used primarily to refer to persons, also being used for objects.

pr.interrog.1who, which person? ♦ (as a direct object) whom, which person? ♦ (as an indirect object) to, for (etc.) whom, which person? 2what, which thing?
pr.rel.1who ♦ (as a direct object) whom ♦ (as an indirect object) to, with whom ♦ (as a genitive) whose, of whom ♦ (following a preposition) whom 2which, that ♦ (as a genitive) of which, whose ♦ (following a preposition) which
pr.rel.abs.1(the person) who ♦ (as a direct object) (the person) whom ♦ (as an indirect object) (to, for,...) (the person) whom 2(that) which
pr.rel.indef.whoever, anyone who ♦ (as a direct object) whomever, anyone whom ♦ (as an indirect object) (to, for,...) whomever, anyone who ♦ (as a genitive) whoever's, whosesoever

pr.interrog.

1who, which person?:

( c.1170; MS: s.xiii^ex ) Ki furent ti parent? Horn 240

( 1212; MS: 1212-13 ) Si acoururent erraument Li riche e li povre ensement Com por contendre e estriver Qui lui peust plus enourer Dial Greg SATF 9734

( 1214; MS: 1214-16 ) Car qui sereit tant alumez Ne fust de pecune assorbez Por qei q'il l'esperast aveir? S Greg 2433

( s.xiii^1/3; MS: s.xiii^m ) Qui m'ad bailli si malement? Gui War 4360

♦(as a direct object) whom, which person?:

( s.xii^ex; MS: c.1200 ) Or ne set l'um ki creire GUISCH 13

♦(as an indirect object) to, for (etc.) whom, which person?:

( c.1235; MS: c.1235 ) de moi ki cheut (=impersonal verb: does it matter), peccheur enveilli? S Aub 464

2what, which thing?:

( s.xiii¹; MS: s.xiii² ) Ore te dirai de me qi (ed. que) faire soil S Marg BL Addit 212

( s.xivⁱⁿ; MS: s.xiv^m ) Et qe (var. (B: c.1330) qi; (B: c.1330) qoi) fist sa miere? BOZ Cont 146 (var.)

( 1354; MS: c.1360 ) Qi ferra elle, si ne trove en cele courte plus de favour qe de droit? Sz Med¹ 237

qui en chalt?
chaler¹

pr.rel.

1who:

( 1121-25; MS: s.xiv¹ ) Ast lur hoste chi tent un tref S Brend mup 857

( s.xiiiⁱⁿ; MS: s.xiii^3/4 ) vus e nus e tut li vif Ki averunt oi icest estrif Pet Plet ANTS 1778

( 1330 ) Aymer de Valence [...] qi une des heirs la dite Elizabeth est Rot Parl² 212.52

♦(as a direct object) whom:

( c.1292; MS: c.1300 ) le pleintif aveit une soeur de qie sount issues enfauntz qi sount en pleyne vie BRITT ii 117

( s.xiii^ex; MS: s.xiv² ) Abel ki Caim, sun frere, oscist Apoc giffard 2395

( MS: c.1305 ) n'ad entré sinoun par un Richard de C., jadis baroun le avantdite Maud, et qy ele en sa vie countredyre ne pout Nov Narr 11.A24

♦(as an indirect object) to, with whom:

( 1121-25; MS: s.xiv¹ ) Brandans lur dust: 'Je vus comant, E de Jesu faz mun guarant.' Cil le laisent e a force [...] N'i ad malfez qui mult n'annuit S Brend mup 1478

♦(as a genitive) whose, of whom:

( 1163-70; MS: s.xiv^1/4 ) li reis Salemun, La ki face tuz reis de terre Unt mut desiré a requere S Edw barking 839

( s.xiii^ex; MS: 1307-15 ) le veroms outre nus juge mout cruel [...] le ki oil voit [...] trestouz nos pecchez Ancren² 57.17

( 1323 ) le clerk [...] en qi garde les roules sont Red Bk iii 856

( 1390-1412; MS: s.xv¹ ) nostre chier et foial counseiller Laurenz Dreu, de qui sen, foie et loialtee nous avons pleine affiance Lett & Pet 158.108.8

♦(following a preposition) whom:

( s.xiii^1/3; MS: s.xiii^m ) Dune (=is it not the case that) est ele fille mun seignur, A qui dei porter grant honur? Gui War 258

( c.1235; MS: c.1235 ) E lui e son hoste, a ki peise u agree, Facent a eus venir S Aub 498

( 1318 ) Johan, fits William [...] de qi il ount fait omissioun YBB Ed II xxiii 98

2which, that:

( 1309 ) son parlement a Estaunford, qie comencea illoeques le Dymeynge precheyn aprez li Seint Jak Foedera¹ ii 80

( 1327 ) les enquestes qi serront prises des gentz de Loundres Rot Parl² 135.30

♦(as a genitive) of which, whose:

( 1267 ) vus donoms le poer [...] a purver en tute choses solom ceo que vus verrez que meuz fra a fere. En cui testmoine nus vus enveoms ceste nostre lettre patente Lett AF 3

( 1275 ) touz lé seingorages par quy porz laynes ou quyrs istront Parl Writs 1

♦(following a preposition) which:

( s.xiii^3/3; MS: s.xiv^m ) Puis passa par Villenoef, pres de qi est le port de Montpessulan Rich I 13.54

( 1354; MS: c.1360 ) le chastel est perdu [...] en qi touz les enemys sont entreez Sz Med¹ 82

( 1402 ) le title sur qui il se fondera Rot Parl¹ iii 507

( MS: 1419 ) a qi faire le maire lour garnira le jour q'ils serount chargez Lib Alb 44

par qui

1by (means of) who(m):

( 1304-05 ) remuer hors d'Escoce ceux par qui la pees porreit estre troublee Rot Parl¹ i 268

( 1346 ) La terre fuist aliené par W. de B., qe fust tenant le Roi, congé del Roi nent eu, par qui le Roi seisist la terre YBB 20 ii Ed III 223

( c.1360-79; MS: s.xiv^ex ) Tu es cil bon hospiteller, Par qui se volt Dieus herberger El ventre d'une vierge humeine GOWER Mirour 13232

♦(as a genitive) by whose:

( 1121-25; MS: s.xiv¹ ) Ast vus venant le Deu fedeil Par qui asen unt cest avei (Latin: cujus erudicione edocti sunt) S Brend mup 581

( c.1360-79; MS: s.xiv^ex ) Ces sont les trois par qui despense Poverté vient et Indigence, Puis vient Ruine aprés cela GOWER Mirour 21151

2by (means of) which:

( c.1170; MS: s.xiii^ex ) Kar n'ad arme suz ciel par qui il fust dampnez Horn 3189

( s.xivⁱⁿ; MS: s.xiv^m ) Le cors tret a lui le fere (=which is magnetic), par qi vous devetz entendre pecché BOZ Cont 51

( 1401 ) rien ne avoit par qi il poet estre attaché King’s Bench vii 109

3wherefore, for which reason:

( s.xiii²; MS: c.1400 ) per qi le roy D. lur piere fist un somouns Geanz Prose¹ (E) 49r

ne pur... qui
pur²

autant qui
autant¹

(cum) cel qui
cel¹

n’i a cel qui
cel¹

(cum) cest, ces qui
cest

n’a cest qui
cest

ço qui
ço¹

icel qui...
icel¹

iço qui
iço

(tus) itel(s) qui
itel

quant qui est
quant¹

quel... qui
quel¹

asez a qui
asez

qui ore est
ore²

le chen qui dort
chen¹

verm qui luist de, par nuit
luire¹

verm qui forme le seie
verm

cum cil, cist, hom qui
cum

pr.rel.abs.

1(the person) who:

( 1113-19; MS: s.xii^3/3 ) Cum garderat berbiz Qui nenn ad nul pastiz? Comput ANTS 70

( s.xii¹; MS: c.1145 ) Chi habitet es ciels les escharnirat Oxf Ps ANTS 43.2.4

( c.1170; MS: s.xiii^ex ) Ki vus furent seignur lors vus fussent al pé Horn 3785

( c.1185 ) Fols est, dehait qui le pleindra Proth ANTS 3404

♦(as a direct object) (the person) whom:

( 1121-25; MS: s.xiv¹ ) Eissi vait qui Deus maine S Brend mup 439

( c.1170; MS: s.xiii^ex ) Cum purreie creire qui vers mei si foleie? Horn 1966

( 1150-70; MS: 1225-1300 ) Tut issi vait qui felun sert Trist thomas² 1952

♦(as an indirect object) (to, for,...) (the person) whom:

( c.1235; MS: c.1235 ) Mes Deus nel vout ne guerpir ne ubblier, Ki li doinne sun segrei demustrer E par avisiun lui esmoillir le quoer S Aub 204

2(that) which:

( c.1235; MS: c.1235 ) Ore frez ki dirai, s'a pleisir vus vendra S Aub 433

par qui

the person through whom:

( 1121-25; MS: s.xiv¹ ) Par qui ço fud, bien ert sire! S Brend mup 1574

qui plus est

what is more:

( 1396; MS: s.xv¹ ) icelles terres et revenues qui sont amorties a la dite esglise a entencioun de vendre [...] et, qui plus est, scet desja soun marchant Lett & Pet 220.40

qui ainz ainz (primer)
ainz²

qui ainz pot
ainz²

qui done, gaine
gainer

(se fiert) qui ne veit
ferir¹

pr.rel.indef.

whoever, anyone who:

( s.xii¹; MS: c.1145 ) Chi acertes aimet felunie het la sue aneme Oxf Ps¹ 12.X.6

( c.1292; MS: c.1300 ) ou voucher a garraunt, si il eyt qi BRITT i 116

( c.1295-98 ) D'autre part voloms e comandoms qe disners e sopers es ofices soient par ly deffenduz, mes ky disner ou souper vodra face coverir table en sale e la se facent a eyse Westm Wenlok 243

( 1354; MS: c.1360 ) par meyntes fauses promesses qe bien estoient foles qi les croient Sz Med¹ 21

♦(as a direct object) whomever, anyone whom:

( c.1170; MS: s.xiii^ex ) Atendent entretant kis sace aveer U il sunt Horn 124

♦(as an indirect object) (to, for,...) whomever, anyone who:

( s.xiii^ex; MS: s.xiv² ) Amatiste est le duzime (=foundation of the city), ki bien les nuns destincte Apoc giffard 4183

( 1354; MS: c.1360 ) grant mestier serroit de garder les plaies de tieles mouches, qi de garrir ad talent Sz Med¹ 210

( 1380; MS: s.xv¹ ) [...] la ou ils puissent vendre lour harang fraunchement a qui lour plerra Lett & Pet 24.31

♦(as a genitive) whoever's, whosesoever:

( s.xivⁱⁿ; MS: s.xiv^m ) Lors fust custume en cele terre devant qi porte la busyne fust oye, mort serreyt lui sires del hostel BOZ Cont 59

( 1317 ) en qi maynz q'il devenissent YBB Ed II xxii 202

( 1324 ) en qi mains q'ils serrent trovez Northumb 149

qui... qui

some... others:

( c.1200; MS: s.xivⁱⁿ ) De terre aveient environ Dunt pussent vivre a fuison, Estre l'aport de lur autel K'il aveient qui d'un qui d'el S Osith 1466

qui unc

whoever, any person who (cf. quique unc and quicunque):

( 1280-1307; MS: s.xiv^1/4 ) Queles leis [...] Nous jurez a defendre, qi unqes cointresoune LANGTOFT wright ii 424

♦(as a direct object) whomever, any person whom:

( s.xiii^m; MS: c.1275 ) qui unkes i prendrum Chaut pas as princes le merum Resur (C) 505

qui que
quique

qui que unc
quique

u qui en plure, u qui en rie

whether one likes it or not:

( 1174-75; MS: s.xii^ex ) Vostre est Northumberland, u quin plure u quin rie! FANT OUP 1750

[gdw]

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qui¹ (1113-19)

pr.interrog.

pr.rel.

pr.rel.abs.

pr.rel.indef.

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Entry Log

qui1 (1113-19)

pr.interrog.

pr.rel.

pr.rel.abs.

pr.rel.indef.

See also:

qui¹ (1113-19)