[hp/dd]
Continental French has both unicorne and the altered form licorne (regarded by FEW 14,42b, and Hope, Lexical Borrowing, 42-43, as deriving from Italian, as a reduction of lunicorno where one syllable is lost, so l(un)icorno became licorno). English has only unicorn. Anglo-Norman unicorne referred to both the (mythological) unicorn or any (real) one-horned animal, notably the Indian rhinoceros (Rhinoceros unicornis, which has only one horn whereas the African rhinoceros has two). Medieval descriptions of this (mythological) unicorn, found notably in Brunetto Latini, and including that in the Anglo-Norman Petite Philosophie, appear ultimately to derive from Pliny the Elder’s Historia naturalis (Book VIII, XXXI) possibly via the medieval Imago Mundi Isidore of Seville, in his Etymologiæ, distinguishes between the rhinoceros and the monoceros, a Greek word meaning “one-horned” which he translates into the Latin unicornus. The remainder of his account (particularly the reference to the practice whereby hunters use a virgin as a decoy to soothe the otherwise uncapturable unicorn) expands considerably on Pliny’s, and the same story makes its way into Brunetto Latini. It is the basis of much of the medieval iconography of the unicorn, and of figurative and religious interpretations of it.