abesser :: Anglo-Norman Dictionary

abesser (1113-19)

abaiser, abaisser, abaissier; abasser; abecer; abeischer, abeiser, abeisser; abescer, abeser, abesir, abessier, abessir; ebeisser

FEW: *bassiare 1,273a Gdf: abaissier 1,14b / abaissir 1,15a GdfC: abaissier 8,10a TL: abaissier 1,35 DEAF: baissier (abaissier) DMF: abaisser / abaissir TLF: abaisser OED: abase v. MED: abaishen v. DMLBS: ∅

v.trans.1to lower ♦ to bow ♦ to lower, to couch (lance) ♦ to lay down, relinquish ♦ to cast down ♦ to let fall, hang down ♦ to narrow, shrink (?) 2to bring down, bring low ♦ to bring low, damage ♦ to bring low, cause to fall on hard times 3to oppress ♦ to subdue, put down ♦ to humble ♦ to humiliate ♦ to depress 4to subtract, remove ♦ to detract (from) ♦ to remove, exclude 5to lessen ♦ to lower the pitch of 6to hammer, forge (?)
v.intrans.1to sink, settle down ♦ (of sun) to sink ♦ to drop ♦ (of voice) to lower 2to diminish ♦ to decline, lose ground 3to stoop ♦ to bow ♦ to be bowed down
v.refl.1to bend down, bow ♦ to bow down (before) ♦ to lower oneself, be humiliated 2to become flaccid 3to be weighed down, depressed
p.pr. as adv.down, bowed
p.p. as a.bent, bending down ♦ brought down, damaged ♦ downcast ♦ subject, subjugated
sbst. inf.bending down ♦ touching (of) ground ♦ lowering, couching

v.trans.

1to lower:

( 1113-19; MS: s.xii^3/3 ) La lune […] quant est prof de nus, Dunc apert alt sun curs, E quant est esluigniee, Dunc pert estre abassee Comput ANTS 2528

( s.xiiiⁱⁿ; MS: c.1300 ) lur veils abeserent, lur ankeres getterent Boeve 363

♦to bow:

( s.xiii^2/4; MS: s.xiii^3/4 ) li abeisse l’en le chief et li hauce om les reins A-N Med i 238

( s.xivⁱⁿ; MS: 1382 ) (The animals) contre luy (=the lion) abeysant (M.E. bowen) testes Nominale 696

♦jousting mil.weaponsto lower, to couch (lance):

( s.xii^3/4; MS: s.xiv² ) Aba[i]sse son espié, au roy s’est alaisez Rom Chev ANTS 905

♦to lay down, relinquish:

( 1329-30 ) comanda qe touz ces baillifs […] abessassent lour verges YBB 3-4 Ed III 7

♦to cast down:

( MS: s.xiii/xiv ) deicit: abesytz TLL i 37

♦to let fall, hang down:

( s.xii¹; MS: 1155-60 ) abaissent la levre (Latin: demittunt labium), muevent le chief Camb Ps 33.XXI.7

( s.xiiiⁱⁿ; MS: s.xiii^2/4 ) Desdunc abeissa mult la chiere S Clem ANTS 603

♦pathol.med.to narrow, shrink (?):

( s.xiv²; MS: s.xiv² ) si les oilz sont enfossez e les temples soient abeischés e les levres escorcez […] A-N Med ii 256

2to bring down, bring low:

( s.xii^3/3; MS: s.xiii^m ) Ben savez felun justiser, Orguill abatre e abeisser S Gile¹ 1124

( s.xii^ex; MS: s.xiii^3/3? ) Fait Oliver : "Mult parlez haltement Ne vos paroles n'abeissent nient" Otinel 254

♦fig.to bring low, damage:

( s.xiii^1/3; MS: s.xiii^m ) le regne unt destruit e gasté, E abeissé la crestienté Gui War 2936

( s.xiii^2/4; MS: s.xiii² ) ki s’eshalce ert abeissez E ki s’abeisse ert eshalcez Mirur¹ 141va3-4

( 1261 ) enz est le roy leidement abessé e enpoveré Baron Rebellion 236

( 1267; MS: c.1300 ) Ne tant orguil ne coveitise Dunt est abessé seint eglise Lum Lais ANTS 1142

( 1267; MS: c.1300 ) Les uns asaie trop eshaucer, Les autres trop grevement abesser Lum Lais ANTS 7238

( 1282 ) Deu gard vous e vos amis e abesse le boban de vos enemis Lett AF 31

( s.xiii^ex; MS: 1307-15 ) Leez e joianz en somes nus […] pur les jors ke vus nus abessastes en terre (‘leading to bliss in heaven’) Ancren² 264.29

( MS: c.1310 ) rien ne ay mangé ne bue ne autre chose fait par quei la ley dieu soit abessé ne la ley du deable enhaucé Nov Narr 150

( 1311 ) la corone en multz de poinz abessee & desmembré Stats i 157

( c.1322 ) parunt son estat est si abessé q’il n’ad rien dount vivre Northumb 188

♦fig.to bring low, cause to fall on hard times:

( 1275 ) par quei les religiuns sont issi abessez et enpovrez qe eles ne pount sustenir eus meismes Stats i 26

( s.xivⁱⁿ; MS: s.xiv^m ) si ils veient un homme qi seit abbessé par dure cheaunce, hors de veie de counseil e de solaz BOZ Cont 94

( 1334 ) deus centz marks […] dount il sont abessez et enpoveriz Affairs of Ireland 164

3to oppress:

( s.xivⁱⁿ; MS: s.xiv^m ) Lur cordez […] ount contre moy ajustee e ma alme ont abessé (Latin: Laqueum paraverunt pedibus meis et incurvaverunt animam meam), ceo est a dire trest a pecchee […] BOZ Cont 185

♦to subdue, put down:

( 1190-93; MS: s.xiv¹ ) abeissa la tenserie, Si k’il (=his subjects) ne la donerent mie S Edm Life ANTS 4689

( 1274 ) cele guerre abeissee, […] fu purveu ke chescun recoverast ses terres Affairs of Ireland 7

( c.1334; MS: s.xiv^m ) puis ala en Gascoigne pur abeser une noise qe sire G. de B. avoit fait TREVET Cron¹ 337.1

( c.1335; MS: s.xiv^m ) cel debat comencé et abessé pur eschuire greindre peril Anon Chr² 140

♦fig.to humble:

( 1190-93; MS: s.xiv¹ ) Il esquaisserent les reis feluns E abeisserent lur fers nuns S Edm Life ANTS 4712

( 1190-93; MS: s.xiv¹ ) Les abaissa de lur folur S Edm Life ANTS 3375

♦to humiliate:

( c.1136-37; MS: s.xii^ex ) Sa niece mesmariee ad; Il la dunad a un garçon […] Pur ço que abaisier (ms. baisier, var. abassier) la voleit GAIMAR¹ 101

( s.xiiiⁱⁿ; MS: s.xiii^2/4 ) Bon m’est que sui humiliez, E par vus sui tant abeissez Que voz justises puis aprendre (Latin: Bonum mihi quod tu humiliasti me, ut discam justificationes tuas) S Jean ANTS 4136

( c.1334; MS: s.xiv^m ) (The king of Egypt) n’avoit […] affeccion a nul des fitz Israel, mes les fist travailler outrageousement pur les abesser TREVET Cron¹ 23.13

♦fig.emotionto depress:

( c.1230; MS: s.xiii^m ) Aveir ne poet sun quor lever Ne poverté abeiser S Modw 1582

4to subtract, remove:

( MS: s.xiii² ) deducit: .i. abesset TLL ii 8

♦to detract (from):

( MS: s.xiii ) abscide: abescez TLL i 122

♦to remove, exclude:

( 1291 ) de seon honur abecee ou reboté Bor Cust i 79

5to lessen:

( s.xii^3/4; MS: s.xiv² ) Donc ert ses honurs granz e ses pris eshaucez. D’onur ne de mari n’ert ses los abessez Rom Chev ANTS 3694

( s.xii^3/4; MS: s.xiv² ) Cil conduiront son ost […] Les chemins, les deserz ly deivent enseigner, E a tuyt lor poer son travail abesser (var. (P: c.1310) abregger) Rom Chev ANTS 4474

( s.xiii^2/4; MS: s.xiii^3/4 ) Mes si l’urine comence a colorer […] et les mauveis accidens a abesser […] A-N Med i 172

♦musicto lower the pitch of:

( 1267; MS: c.1300 ) Les uns (=strings) asaie trop eshaucer (var. (Y: s.xiii^4/4) ahaucer; (C: s.xiii^4/4) enhaucer; (D: s.xiv^1/4) e haucer), Les autres trop greviement abesser Lum Lais ANTS 6832

6to hammer, forge (?):

( MS: s.xiii² ) cudo: abesser TLL ii 22.821

v.intrans.

1to sink, settle down:

( s.xii^ex; MS: c.1200 ) sidente .i. abeisant Gloss Sidon 142.75

( MS: s.xiii ) considere: abesser TLL i 121

( MS: s.xiii ) desidis: abessis TLL i 122

( MS: s.xiii ) residat: abaise TLL i 29

( MS: s.xiii² ) subsidat: abese TLL ii 3

( MS: s.xiii^ex ) sido gallice: abeser TLL ii 169

♦(of sun) to sink:

( MS: s.xiii^m ) li soleil abeisot Vitas 4367

♦med.to drop:

( s.xiii^m; MS: s.xiii^3/4 ) Quant li marris abesse et est issu[e] fors A-N Med ii 94.485

♦(of voice) to lower:

( 1155; MS: s.xiii^4/4 ) Mult oissiez orgues suner E clers chanter e orgener, Voiz abaissier e voiz lever Brut WACE 10423

2fig.to diminish:

( c.1170; MS: s.xiii^ex ) ne.l lessez orgoiller: Trop en purra sun pris e sun los abaisser Horn 1263

♦to decline, lose ground:

( s.xiii^2/4; MS: c.1275 ) Icele lei paene abesoit chescun jur S Eust anon 822

3to stoop:

( 1190-93; MS: s.xiv¹ ) Ne li curbs ne se pout drescier Ne cil en estant abaisser S Edm Life ANTS 3164

( c.1230; MS: s.xiii^m ) Li bon vassel […] Pas ne abesse a fol desir S Modw 4627

♦to bow:

( s.xiii^4/4; MS: 1315-25 ) Arbre, tant tost abesset E a ma mere enclinez Enfances 225

♦to be bowed down:

( c.1290; MS: 1307-25 ) Pur charge des fruiz lé uns (=trees) abesent BIBB ROTH (G) 676

( s.xvⁱⁿ; MS: s.xv¹ ) Pur charge du frut plusourus (=trees) abessent Fem² 52.2

v.refl.

1to bend down, bow:

( c.1230; MS: s.xiii^m ) Puis se abeisse e cungé prent S Modw 831

( c.1275; MS: s.xiii^4/4 ) kaunt eglyse Veyssent, de loynz se abesserent S Fran ANTS 1401

♦to bow down (before):

( s.xiii^ex; MS: 1307-15 ) Cil ou cele s’abesse au dyable ke soen quer encline a sa temptacion Ancren² 33.8

♦ to lower oneself, be humiliated:

( 1160-74; MS: s.xiiiⁱⁿ ) Plante Genest volt sa seror Doner, s’il peust, a seignor, Mais el diseit que no fereit, Ja mais espos fors Deu n’avreit; Ne se voleit mie abaissier Ne de mariage empeirier Rom de Rou wace ii 266.10279

2anat.to become flaccid:

( s.xiii^2/4; MS: s.xiii^3/4 ) Et la verge dresce a la fiez. Mes come s’esperme deit issir, si s’abesse […] A-N Med i 240

3fig.emotionto be weighed down, depressed:

( MS: s.xiii ) deprimatur: s’est abesé TLL ii 113

p.pr. as adv.

down, bowed:

( c.1275; MS: s.xiii^4/4 ) La teste tendra abessaunt S Fran ANTS 2584

p.p. as a.

bent, bending down:

( 1165-80?; MS: s.xiiiⁱⁿ ) La u il vit l’avisiun […] Treis jurs i esteit abeissez Ensement cum il fust fichez ADGAR³ 192.1061

( 1190-93; MS: s.xiv¹ ) Sicume il sunt en lur estal, Parti amunt, parti aval, Tuit a lur mester entendant, Tel abeissé, tel en estant S Edm Life ANTS 3160

♦brought down, damaged:

( 1327 ) en relievement de l’estat et le honor abessee Rot Parl² 164

♦fig.emotiondowncast:

( c.1230; MS: s.xiii^m ) unc n’est sis chieres plus ebeissee S Modw 3212

( MS: s.xiii² ) demissa: abessé TLL ii 8

♦subject, subjugated:

( MS: s.xiii² ) submissus: abesez TLL ii 3

sbst. inf.

bending down:

( s.xiii^1/3; MS: s.xiii^m ) A l’abeissir qu’il fist (=to pick up his dropped sword), Gui mult pres de lui se mist […] Cum Colebrant aval se abeissa, Un tel colp el col li dona […] Gui War 11265

♦touching (of) ground:

( 1150-70; MS: s.xiii¹ ) Li palefrois avant s’enpaint, E il escrille a l’abaiser En un petit croser evier Trist thomas² 1154

♦mil.jousting weaponslowering, couching:

( s.xii^3/4; MS: s.xiv² ) A l’abesser des lances ot grant fereiz Rom Chev ANTS 1876

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