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Le Petit Plet
Edited by B.S. Merrilees
1970
Oxford, Anglo-Norman Text Society
Genre: Philosophy
AND Bibliography: Pet Plet ANTS
Original work © 1970 The Anglo Norman Text Society, which has granted permission for it to be digitised, browsed and searched on this site. Any other use, including making copies of this electronic version requires the prior written permission of the copyright holders, who may be contacted via Birkbeck College, University of London, Malet St, London WC1E 7HX, UK
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ABBREVIATIONS AND SHORT TITLES
A.N.T.S. | Anglo-Norman Text Society. |
E.E.T.S. | Early English Text Society. |
F.E.W. | W. von Wartburg, Französisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (Bonn-Leipzig-Basel, 1922-). |
Gdf. | F. Godefroy, Dictionnaire de l'ancienne langue française, 10 vols. (Paris, 1880-1902). |
Koch | Chardry's Josaphaz, Set Dormanz und Petit Plet, Altfranzösische Bibliothek 1 (Heilbronn, 1879). |
Morawski | J. Morawski, Proverbes français antérieurs au XVe siècle, Classiques français du moyen âge 47 (Paris, 1925). |
Pope | M. K. Pope, From Latin to Modern French (Manchester, 1934; rev. ed. 1952). |
R.E.W. | W. Meyer-Lübke, Romanisches Etymologisches Wörterbuch (3rd ed., Heidelberg, 1935). |
S.A.T.F. | Société des Anciens Textes Français. |
T.-L. | A. Tobler and E. Lommatzsch, Altfranzösisches Wörterbuch (Berlin-Wiesbaden, 1925-). |
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INTRODUCTION
Title
The title, Le Petit Plet, which has been used since de la Rue's indication of the work, is found in the incipit of the poem in the three manuscripts LOV (for these sigla, see below), in the explicit of V, as well as in line 11 of the text.
The Manuscripts
There are three extant copies of the Petit Plet.
L London, British Museum, Cotton Caligula A 9. This is a parchment manuscript, probably of the first half of the thirteenth century, containing French and English works. It has 261 folios according to its modern foliation, measures 210 by 150 mm., and is bound in leather. The Petit Plet has two columns to the page, averaging 35 lines a column, 1780 lines in all.
Contents:
1 1. fol. 3r–a version of Layamon's Brut.1 [1] Ed. Sir Frederick Madden (London, 1847); G. L. Brook and R. F. Leslie, E.E.T.S. 250, vol. 1 (Oxford, 1963).xii The first folio has fine red and blue illuminations; the first majuscule depicts a clerical scribe at work. Fol. 3r bears the signature Robertus Cotton Bruce.
2 2. fol. 195r–La Vie de seint Josaphaz, an Anglo-Norman poem by Chardri. 2 [2] Ed. Koch, op. cit.xii
3 3. fol. 216v–Les Set Dormanz, an Anglo-Norman poem by Chardri.2 [2] Ed. Koch, op. cit.xii
4 4. fol. 229v–an Anglo-Norman chronicle of the Anglo-Saxon and Norman kings of England up to the death of John.3 [3] Ed. Christian Foltys (Inaugural-Dissertation, Berlin, 1962, offset).xii
5 5. fol. 233r–one of the two extant copies of the Owl and the Nightingale.4 [4] Several editions: see especially J. E. Wells (Boston and London, 1907); J. W. H. Atkins (Cambridge, 1922); J. H. G. Grattan, E.E.T.S. Extra Series 119 (Oxford, 1935); E. G. Stanley (London, 1960). The manuscripts are reproduced in facsimile by N. R. Ker, E.E.T.S. 251 (London and New York, 1963).xii The second is in Oxford, Jesus College 29 (our MS. O).
6 6. fol. 246r–a group of seven short Middle English poems, all
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published by Richard Morris in An Old English Miscellany 1 [1] E.E.T.S. 49 (London, 1872)xiii. under the following titles: Long Life, An Orison of Our Lady, Will and Wit, Doomsday, Death, Ten Abuses, A lutel soth Sermon. Carleton Brown includes Doomsday (Latemest Day) and Will and Wit in his English Lyrics of the Thirteenth Century.2 [2] Oxford, 1932.xiii All except Will and Wit appear also in our MS. O.7 7. fol. 249r–the Petit Plet. Josaphaz, the Set Dormanz and the Petit Plet appear to have been written by the same scribe, as lay-out and hand seem identical in all three. The Petit Plet is introduced by the incipit: Ici com̄ce le petit plet. Each section of the poem begins with a large red initial and the initial letter of each line is daubed with red; occasionally letters within the line are similarly marked, e.g. the s of fust (l. 66), ester (l. 249). The two participants in the debate are usually introduced on each occasion by the words l'enfant or le veillard, often abbreviated, written in red in the right-hand margin, generally beside the last line spoken by the adversary. These indications are missing at ll. 312, 314, 318, 320, 364, 366, 598, 599, etc. The manuscript is clear and legible except for parts of fol. 216r (ll. 1710, 1727-9) and the verso of the same folio where the writing has been almost effaced by rubbing against the cover.
O Oxford, Jesus College 29. This manuscript, which has been on permanent loan to the Bodleian Library since 1886, is in two parts, the first of paper and vellum, the second of vellum, totalling 257 folios. It measures 181 by 133 mm. and is leather-bound. The Petit Plet has two columns to a page, an average of 32 lines a column, 1649 lines in all, the lacuna being caused by a missing folio between foll. 247 and 248. The two parts are from once separate manuscripts. The first part of 143 folios contains only an incomplete Latin chronicle, the second of 114 folios an anthology of English and French pieces, several of which appear also in L.
Contents:
1 1. Part I, fol. 1r–a fifteenth-century Latin chronicle of the kings of England from 900 to 1445.
2 2. Part II, fol. 144r–The Passion of Our Lord, a Middle English poem.3 [3] Morris, op. cit., pp. 37-57.xiii
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3 3. fol. 156r–The Owl and the Nightingale, the second of the two extant copies.1 [1] Cf. p. xi, n. 4.xiv
4 4. fol. 169r–the Poema Morale.2 [2] Morris, op. cit., pp. 58-71.xiv
5 5. fol. 175r–a group of Middle English poems of varying length, including the Proverbs of Alfred.3 [3] All except the last, Assisa panis Angliae (fol. 195r) are included in Morris, op. cit., pp. 72-130, 141-4, 156-91. Five appear in Carleton Brown, op. cit., pp. 19, 65, 67, 68. A detailed description is found in Ker, op. cit., pp. ix-x. For the Proverbs of Alfred, see the edition by O. S. Anderson Arngart, Skrifter Utgivana av Kungl. Humanistiska Vetenskapssamfundet i Lund XXXII (Lund, vol. I, 1942, vol. II, 1955).xiv Within the group is one prose piece, the Shires and Hundreds of England.4 [4] Morris, op. cit., pp. 145-6.xiv
6 6. fol. 195v–a fragment of 315 lines of the Vie de Tobie, an Anglo-Norman poem by Guillaume le Clerc of Normandy.5 [5] Ed. Robert Reinsch, Archiv für das Studium der Neueren Sprachen u. Literaturen 62 (1879), 375-96.xiv
7 7. fol. 198r–The Eleven Pains of Hell, a Middle English poem introduced by six lines of French.6 [6] Morris, op. cit., pp. 147-55.xiv
8 8. fol. 201r–the Doctrinal, in Anglo-Norman.7 [7] This is one of 26 copies of the Doctrinal Sauvage (see P. Meyer, Romania 6 (1877), 20-2, 16 (1887), 60-1). The version in MS. Paris BN 837, which differs considerably from the above, was published by A. Jubinal, Nouveau recueil de contes . . . (Paris, 1839-42) 2, 150-61. The Doctrinal has been re-edited by A. Sakari, Studia Philologica Jyvaskylaensia III (Jyvaskyla, 1967).xiv
9 9. fol. 207v–La Vie de set Dormaunz, by Chardri.
10 10. fol. 233r–La Vie seynt Josaphaz, by Chardri.
11 11. fol. 244v–the Petit Plet. Because of the missing leaf between foll. 247-8, ll. 440-567 are wanting. In addition, ll. 228-9 and ll. 1770-1 have been telescoped, while an extra line, a repetition of l. 339, is found between ll. 378-9 . The large coloured capitals are in red and blue, though not regularly alternated as was presumably intended. The sections are introduced by the words Le Juvencel or Le Veyllard, placed in the centre of the column, but not always indicating the correct speaker. The errors have been emended by a later hand. Possibly a second scribe was responsible for the headings and coloured initials. The main scribe is much less reliable than the scribe of L.
Much has been written by scholars about this manuscript (and its famous broken leaf) which need not be repeated here. 8 [8] Grattan, op. cit., pp. xv-xviii; Wells, op. cit., pp. vii-xvii; C. L. Wrenn, Curiosities in a medieval manuscript, Essays and Studies XXV (1939), 101-15.xiv A most
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complete and up-to-date study of its dating and history has been made by Dr. Betty Hill.1 [1] The History of Jesus College, Oxford MS. 29, Medium Aevum XXXII, No. 3 (1963), 203-13xv. Miss Hill shows that the date of Part II, previously considered from internal evidence of the Vie de Tobie to be 1276-9, 2 [2] Anna Paues, A newly discovered manuscript of the Poema Morale, Anglia 30 (1907), 222.xv can no longer be placed so precisely, and concludes from an examination of the preceding piece, Assisa panis Angliae, that it can only be dated post 1256. In addition, Miss Hill gives an interesting account of how the manuscript could have come into the possession of the Rev. Thomas Wilkins whose signature appears on the fly-leaf and who donated the manuscript to Jesus College, Oxford.3 [3] For a discussion of the donation, see Wrenn, op. cit., pp. 102-4, 113-14, and Miss Hill, p. 206, n. 16.xvThe relation between L and O has aroused considerable scholarly interest, as they contain so many pieces in common.4 [4] See Ker, op. cit., pp. ix-xi.xv A study of the filiation of the Petit Plet corroborates the assertion that O is not a copy of L, but that the scribe of O must have had before him a manuscript containing the same pieces as L, probably in the same order.
V Vatican, MS. Reg. lat. 1659. This parchment manuscript is also composed of two distinct and originally separate parts. It measures 257 by 149 mm.; the Petit Plet has two columns to a page, averaging 62 lines a column.
Contents:
1 1. Part 1, fol. 1r–L'Estoire de la Guerre Sainte of Ambroise.5 [5] Ed. Gaston Paris, Coll. Doc. Inéd. I, 11 (Paris, 1897).xv
2 2. fol. 89v–two stanzas of the planh by Gaucelm Faidit on the death of Richard I, 6 [6] R. T. Hill and T. G. Bergin, Anthology of the Provençal Troubadours, Yale Romanic Studies XVII (New Haven, 1941), 144-6; Jean Mouzat, Les poèmes de Gaucelm Faidit (Paris, 1965), pp. 415-18.xv with musical notes.
3 3. Part II, fol. 91r–the Petit Plet.
4 4. fol. 98r, col. 2–a number of proverbs about women.
5 5. fol. 98v–a fragment of 414 lines of the Petite Philosophie.7 [7] Ed. Trethewey, op. cit.xv
Part II is written in a fourteenth-century hand. 8 [8] Prof. Trethewey gives a detailed description of the manuscript, pp. xiii-xiv.xv The scribe of the Petit Plet seems to have intended beginning some sections with a large or coloured initial, as spaces are left for them in some lines (1, 21, 97, 615). However, he appears to have changed his mind and simply indicates the sections with two strokes beside the initial letter
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or by a capital slightly larger than normal. A couplet has been inserted between ll. 378-9 (the first line of which, as in O, repeats l. 339), but l. 364 is missing. A line rhyming with l. 363 has been written in the right-hand margin by a later hand. There are other markings present too: marginal comments are found beside ll. 1217, 1375; ll. 1413-14 are repeated at the foot of fol. 96r, col. 2. Perhaps this same scribbler is responsible for the hands and faces drawn on foll. 92v, 95v, 96r. The scribe of V is also less reliable than the scribe of L.The history of V, once the property of Queen Christina of Sweden, is traced by G. Paris in his introduction to the Estoire.1 [1] Pp. i-vixvi. As mentioned above, in the Preface, Adelbert Keller published the first 366 lines of the Petit Plet and the last 13 lines of the Petite Philosophie (ll. 569-81 in Prof. Trethewey's edition), believing them to be part of the same poem. This repeats an error of the Vatican catalogue, an eighteenth-century inventory, which under Article 1659 lists the contents as Romanicum Gallicum de bello sacro–Qui longue Aliud eadem lingua inscriptum 1. le Periplee.2 [2] E. Langlois, Notices et Extraits des Manuscrits XXXIII, 2e partie (Paris, 1889), 192-3, also repeated the error, even though Koch's edition had appeared in 1879.xvi
Of the three manuscripts, L is the oldest, the most complete and the most reliable, having fewer individual faults than O or V, and is thus the obvious choice as the base manuscript for the text.
Abbreviations and Accents
Abbreviations and contractions are frequent in all three manuscripts. In resolving each case I have referred where possible to the most frequently occurring orthographical form in each manuscript, as in many instances the scribes present more than one complete spelling. Where no complete orthographical form exists, the word has been resolved analogically or arbitrarily. Only the cases where variation is possible are listed. The sign > in the three paragraphs below represents is (are) transcribed as.
L, ml't 15, etc. > mult 9, etc. (7 examples); mut is found once 75. 9 before m > com: 9munement 503 (cōmune 572); before other consonants > cun: 9fort 378, etc. (cunfort 320, etc.). $$ > par: $$ 40, etc. (par 23, etc.) or per: $$du 151 (perdi 1061); the expansion of a$$nent 34 to apernent is arbitrary. $$ > pro: $$eme 40 (proeme 826) or > pru:
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$$edom 90, etc. (prudum 882, etc., 3 examples, produme 782). ˜ above a letter > ur: avent˜es 273, etc. (aventure 23, etc.), c˜age 528, 1417 (curage 13, etc., 7 examples, corage 411), hon˜ 1504 by analogy with amur 1344, etc.; m˜nes 83, etc. is arbitrary; and > or: p˜ 24, etc. (por 1, etc.), the future forms of poeir 122, 144, 148, etc. (porra, etc. 621, 829, etc.); the future forms of morir are resolved by analogy with the forms of poeir, as is dem˜ra 262. In one case p˜ 1596 > par. The vertical zigzag above a letter > er: s$$reit 150, etc. (serreit 231, etc.); or > re: p$$ndreit 1448 (prendre[z] 283). Vowels written above the line > r + vowel: estange 108, etc., or > u + vowel: nasqistes 315; meci 239 > merci. The straight bar above a letter indicates n or m; in com̄ce incipit and am̄ 1779, 1780 it is resolved en. D$$ 940 > deus; ē 123, etc. > est; ūre 106, etc. > vostre. The sign ;̇ 975 > est.O 9 before m > cum (cu9encez 287); elsewhere > con (confort 342, etc.). $$ > par or per (see examples for L). $$ > pro: $$messe 1622, $$mettreyent 1635. ˜ above a letter is always ur. The zigzag above a letter > er: av$$ 24, etc. Vowels written above the line are expanded as in L. martyre 776 is of course not an abbreviation. The nasal bar, in addition to representing n or m, can be read as vowel + n: s̄t 695, etc., bonem̄t 795, m̄d 384, am̄ 1779, 1780. $$ is interpreted as kar 15, 19, etc., ke 343, ki 384.
V mlt, ml't > mut which is found in all complete readings except for mult 264. 9 before m > com, elsewhere con. $$ > par or per (see examples for L). $$ > pro: es$$eue 733 (esproue 736) or > pru: $$dom 90, etc., by analogy with pru 204, etc. $$ above a letter > er or re, but in two cases I have transcribed it as ro: p$$mettre 170, p$$mettrunt 1635. Vowels above the line and the nasal bar are transcribed as in L and O. Only q̄ 12, etc. > que, conq̄rez 404 > conquerez are peculiar to V. $$ 19, etc. > kar; k$$e 567 > keke.
The only accent that appears is a diagonal stroke over i (LOV) when there is a possibility of confusion, while O occasionally has the stroke over e, without, however, any consistency in its use.
Manuscript Filiation
As already stated, MS. O is not a copy of L but, as examination shows, forms a group with V against L. OV share ten evident errors not found in L: ll. 1379-80 are interverted in OV, while L retains the logical order; ll. 345, 375, 695, 1013, 1029, 1259, 1379, 1431, 1455, 1720 have errors common only to OV. Other possible errors are also
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found to substantiate the grouping OV against L. The absence of the article before liu in l. 75 appears incorrect. The reading A ces in OV 159 instead of assez L could be a fault or an orthographic variant. Deverez OV 798 is not the tense expected after mesdeist 796, but again this is a weak case, considering the confusion of tense sequence in continental and insular French.1 [1] Brunot I, 255; see examples in R.-L. Wagner, Les Phrases hypothétiques commençant par si . . . (Paris, 1939), p. 469.xxxv The singular form of the article before plural noun and adjective in OV 1487 appears to be an error, although a weak basis for classification.Neither of the other possible groupings, LV against O, LO against V, provides as substantial a list of common faults, although there are examples in the latter grouping where V has the better reading: V 260 is obviously correct, but the opposition sai/sui is weak; V 712 is more comprehensible than Ki primes l'ad gueres ne munte of LO, but one is inclined to impute E puis i verrez quei amounte in V to the scribe who may also have found the line difficult. V may also be preferable in ll. 50 and 200. V 909 dirrez is correct but O is wanting here. The only positive example where O is better than LV is peot O 1526 instead of poez, while a mal O 1450 is certainly the more common expression. From these comparisons, then, it is evident that OV form a solid group against L.
A further problem arises, however, when one notes probable errors common to all three manuscripts, which suggest the existence of a faulty copy (X) prior to LOV but later than the original. The occurrence of se tint 479 is such a case and other examples providing similar evidence are mult vaut 581, ne larrad 921, Ki les cerchast 1334, e Deus i mist 1751, also the probable interversion of ll. 49-50 (see the notes on these lines). The manuscript stemma would then be:
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Establishment of the Text
As noted above (p. xv), the choice of L as base manuscript presents no problems. The text presented is as it appears in L, except for rare emendations demanded by the context. All departures from the base manuscript are given separately and without siglum at the foot of the text, while the variants of MSS. O and V are listed together below these rejected readings. All variants affecting sense and metre have been recorded in this list and I have also considered it useful to include rare spellings and forms, especially those reflecting insular characteristics. Where both O and V have the same variant, the spelling follows the one whose siglum is given first. I have indicated in the variant readings where the scribe clearly distinguishes v and u. The square brackets between ll. 1710-61 indicate lacunae caused by wear to the last folio. Elsewhere square brackets denote additions or completions to the text based on O and V. Occasionally these are orthographical emendations made to facilitate comprehension, e.g. must[r]er 294, girra[i] 623. In cases where the meaning is clear, I have preferred to leave the original spellings, e.g. serrer 1457. In general, the word division of the scribe has been followed, but before vowels al, etc., have been written a l', etc., while words such as desoremés, nunchaleir, tresduz, demaleire (cf. demaleires 1243) have been written as single items as there seems to be no fixed scribal pattern. Because of their infrequency, fous large 962, foularge 979 and fors parti 1140 have been left as they stand. Confusion between t and c is frequent, but I have attempted in each instance to distinguish the
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letter intended by the scribe. In the transcription, distinction is made between i and j, c and ç and the acute accent employed to differentiate é from atonic e in final syllables. The divisions of the poem are made where there is a change in speaker. Where the marginal indications of such changes, L'enfant or Le veillard (usually veill; in the MS.) are lacking, I have inserted the appropriate heading in square brackets. All headings have been centred. Modern capitalization and punctuation are introduced according to standard editorial practice. The double letter ff, ffors 1271, ffēme 1299, etc., which is used at the beginning of the line, is transcribed as F.Page 1
ICI COMENCE LE PETIT PLET
incipit [incipit] Ici cumence le petyt ple entre le juvencel e le veylard [O] Ci commence le peti plee [V] 2 [f.249b]Beau duz seignurs, por vus dedureL1 [L1] vus de d. [V] 2
Vus cunterai un esveisureL2 [L2] enueysure [OV] 2L2 [L2] cutrey [O] 2
De un veillard e de un enfant
4 Ki se entredalierent tantL4 [L4] entredalierent For a commentary on the etymology and semantic development of this word in Anglo-Norman, see L. Spitzer, Romania 75 (1954), 390-5. Here the sense is debate, discuss.2
De juvente e de veillesce,L5 [L5] juvente I hesitate between t and c in this reading.2
De jolifté e de peresce.
Chescun mustra sa grevance,
8 Sa eise u sa mesestance:
Si fu le estrif mult delitius
Del veillart e del jofne tus.L10 [L10] iuuentus [V] 2L10 [L10] De v. [V] 2L10 [L10] tus young man. Koch postulates *iuventosus to explain jofnetus which he writes as one word. LO both show a division into two words while V gives iuventus. The etymon is surely tonsum, though the R.E.W. and F.E.W. quote only Provençal examples of a masculine form. T.-L. 4, 1705, accepts jofnetus on the basis of this one example.2
Si est appelé le petit plet
12 Icest tretiz ke ci est fet.
Grant solaz est a feble curage
Ki s'esmaie de un ventage,L14 [L14] senmaye [O] se maye [V] 2L14 [L14] ventage A derivative of ventus, presumably meaning trifle. The F.E.W. 14, 261 gives ventaige mfr. vent, tempête.2
Car mult i ad verraiz respiz
16 De ben assis e de bonz diz.L16 [L16] Koch interprets ben assis as well presented which he makes an attributive of diz. This means he must explain de twice as a partitive. It is more likely that assis means provided with (cf. T.-L. 1, 586.6) and that ben is a noun not an adverb.2
Ore entendez, si les orrez ben,L17 [L17] les not in [V] 2L17 [L17] si oiez ben [O] 2
Ke jeo ne ment de nule ren,L18 [L18] a second rien in right margin 2
Car en jovene poet l'em veer
20 Suventefeiz mult grant saver.L20 [L20] mult not in [OV] 2L20 [L20] suventfoyz [V] 2
Un vaslet, ki mult esteit pensifL21 [L21] Un iuuencel [O] 2
E de divers pensers sutif,L22 [L22] E de uers p. [O] 2
S'esbaneout par aventure
24 Por joie aver e enveisure
E por eschivre la ren del mundL25 [L25] del mund in this world.2
Ke plus le cors de home cunfund:
Ceo est tristur ke Deu maudie,
28 Ki tut hunist la nostre vie.
Mes trestuz ceus met jeo defors
Ki le quor unt trublé od le cors
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Par malvesté de male gent,
32 U ceus ki amur certein esprent;L32 [L32] c. en prent [V] 3
Ceus ne blam pas, car de l'autruiL33 [L33] b. io pas ke de a. [V] 3L33 [L33] de l'autrui would normally mean from the property of others, hence the reading of V seems more regular.3 [f.249c]
Apernent quanke il unt de ennui,
Mes papelarz e les coveitus,L35 [L35] le c. [V] 3
36 Les surquidez, les envius,L36 [L36] e les e. [V] 3
Li faus sutif e li leres,
Li faus pleidur e li tricheres,
E tuz iceus ki unt penserL39 [L39] unt un [V] 3
40 Par mal de lur proeme enginner.
Si il ne pensent si de ceo nun,L41 [L41] si ke de ceo [O] 3
Deu lur doint sa maleisun.
Li vaslet dunt si tuché vus aiL43 [L43] Le iuuencel [O] 3L43 [L43] dunt si tuché vus ai to whom I referred; cf. Boeve de Haumtone, ed. A. Stimming (Halle, 1899), l. 847; Gdf. 10, 783b.3
44 Mult fu pensif, ne sai de quai;L44 [L44] fu not in [V] 3
Mes por tolir mauveis penser
Se mist tut sul en un verger,
E diseit ben ke ja dolur
48 N'avereit en sun quor sujur
De cest mund ki vent e vet,
E ke ja ne rendreit pletL50 [L50] tendreyt [V] 3
Si Deu ne[l] vousist itant tenserL51 [L51] ne [OV] 3
52 Ke amendast le soen penser,L52 [L52] Koch reads amendust V.3
Penser ne vout si de lui nun:L47 [L47] Assuming that rendreit plet LO 50 is a synonym for tendreit plet V, it seems possible to make sense of this passage only by interverting 49 and 50, in spite of the agreement of LOV (cf. the interversion of 1379-80 in OV), and by understanding ne 51 as nel. The passage would then mean: that sorrow would never dwell in his heart, and that he would never take any account of this fleeting world; if God did not so far care to look after him that he changed his ideas, he was determined to think only of himself. Koch has tendreit 50 and rejects ne 51 (LOV) in favour of le on the basis of Set Dormanz 14: si. . . (E) Deu nus vousist itant tenser. He translates 47-52 (p. 203): Er sagte, dass der schmerz dieser unbeständigen welt in seinem herzen keine stätte haben würde und er ihn für nichts achten wollte, wenn gott ihm (dem jüngling) insofern helfen wollte, dass er sein sinnen und denken bessere.3
Ore li doint Deu sa beneisun.
Par le verger e sa e laL55 [L55] le verge ca e la [V] 3
56 Icest vaslet itant alaL56 [L56] iuuencel [O] 3
Ke il choisi une funtaine
Dunt l'ewe esteit e clere e seine.L58 [L58] esteyt c. e s. [O] 3
La surse esteit e nette e beleL59 [L59] esteyt n. e b. [OV] 3
60 Ke rouleout cele gravele,
Si fu la noise duce e sutive,
Si resemblout ben chose vive.
Trestut entur fu l'erbe drue
64 Estencelee de flur menue,L64 [L64] des flurs menue [V] 3
E si esteint li arbre haut,
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Ke ja si grant ne fust le chaut [f.249d]
Ke nul en fust gueres grevee,L67 [L67] nul i fust [OV] 4
68 Ja si chaut ne fust l'estee.L66 [L66] Cf. Introduction, p. xxvi.4
Les oiseals de meinte manereL69 [L69] oisil [V] 4L69 [L69] de meinte manere in great variety.4
Se acosteient a la rivere;
Por le verdur e por la flur
72 Mult chantoient a grant duçur.
Le vaslet de ceo mult s'esjoiL73 [L73] senioie [V] 4L73 [L73] mult not in [O] 4L73 [L73] ieouencel [O] 4
E del duz chant ke il oi,L74 [L74] oye [V] 4
E mut li heita plus le liuL75 [L75] plus liu [OV] 4
76 Ke meint riche hume sun riche fiu.L76 [L76] si r. f. [V] 4L76 [L76] Ke meint h. [O] 4
L'ENFANT
Li vaslet sist desus la riveL77 [L77] iuuencel [O] 4
Por aviser la surse naive,L78 [L78] la s. vyue [OV] 4
Si en out al quor joie si grantL79 [L79] en le q. [O] el q. [V] 4
80 Ke unkes reis ne quens n'out tant.
Atant survint un veil veillard
Ki li veneit de l'autre part,
De pensers murnes e tant dolentL83 [L83] tant not in [O] 4
84 Ke al vis li pareit sun mautalent.L84 [L84] Kel v. [OV] 4
Avant passa, si vit l'enfant
Icele grant joie demenant,
E cil se estut, si se apuaL87 [L87] Icil si tust si se pua [O] Icil se tuit si sa pua [V] 4
88 Sur sun bastun, si li salua.L88 [L88] li la [O] le [V] 4
Le vaslet li respundi en haut:L89 [L89] Li v.r. [V] 4L89 [L89] iuuencel [O] 4
'Sire pruedom, ke Deu vus saut.L90 [L90] Koch reads pdom L.4
Ore ven seer ci pres de mei,
92 Si me cuntez de cel effrei
Por quei demenez itel dolur.L93 [L93] To keep icel L, it would have to be assumed that dolor was masculine (cf. Horn II, note on l. 3545).4
Mult pert ben en ta colur
Ke tun quor n'est pas a eise
96 E ke mult ad ke li despleise.'L96 [L96] despleise See Introduction, p. xxvi.4
Page 4
LE VEILLARD
'Certes ceo est veir,' fet li veillart,L97 [L97] est not in [V] 5
'Mult sui pensif, si Deu me gart,
E mei merveil estrangement [f.250a]
100 Ke point n'avez de mun marrement,L100 [L100] martyrement [O] 5
Einz si grant joie si demenez.L101 [L101] g. ioie d. [O] 5
Ben pert ke poi seez senez,
Ke vus vus bainet en cest delitL103 [L103] bainet See Introduction p. xxiii and Pope §1295(i).5
104 Ki mult vus endurra petit.L104 [L104] Ke vus mut e. [V] 5
Si vus seussez ceo ke jeo pens,L105 [L105] s. ore ceo ke [O] 5
Aillur turneriez le vostre sens.'L106 [L106] le not in [OV] 5
L'ENFANT
'Sire prudom,' fet li vaslet,L107 [L107] iuuencel [O] 5
108 'Mult me acupez de estrange ret,L108 [L108] de e. apel [O] 5L108 [L108] mencupez [OV] 5
Ke jeo m'en vois si desportant
Por mun quor recunfortant.L110 [L110] The construction por + gerund is not common; see E. Gamillscheg, Historische Französische Syntax (Tübingen, 1957), p. 445.5
Si jofne aime l'enveisure,L111 [L111] l' not in [V] 5
112 Fors ke trop n'i eit desmesure,
Ne devez trop blamer sa entente:
Si feistes vus en ta juvente.
Custume est de veille gent,
116 Quant lur bel age les susprent,L116 [L116] bel age A euphemism for middle age? Cf. 441.5
Ke il trestut turnent a rageL117 [L117] en r. [O] 5
Quanke il amerent en lur jofne age.L118 [L118] lur not in [OV] 5L113 [L113] Cf. Disticha Catonis I, 16: Multorum cum facta senex et dicta reprendis, fac tibi succurrant iuvenis quae feceris ipse. Cf. also Josaphaz 577-83 (quoted Introduction, p. xxx).5
Veil ne jofne ne conus pasL119 [L119] cunust [O] 5
120 Ki n'ad mester de aucun solas.'
LE VEILLARD
'Vaslet,' fet cil, 'par un bon mestreL121 [L121] Iouencel fet il [O] 5
Uncore porriez saives estre.L122 [L122] sauuez e. [O] sages e. [V] 5
Car ben est veirs ke tu me disL123 [L123] Ke bien [V] 5
124 Ke jeo esteie jolif jadis,
Page 5
Mes cum plus entrai en age,
Tant tornai plus a grant folageL126 [L126] grant not in [O] 6
Mes enfances e mun enveisure,L127 [L127] men enueysure [O] menveisure [V] 6
128 Car illurs avei turné ma cure.
De ben vivere e de ma fin
Tant en pensai seir e matin
Ke tut me turna a grant ennuiL131 [L131] tut not in [O] 6
132 La grant joie u jo tant fu.'
L'ENFANT
'Sire,' fet dunc li juvencel,
'Icest penser fu bon e bel,
De ben vivere fet bon penser, [f.250b]
136 De ben morir e a Deu aler.
De trop duleir n'i vei resunL137 [L137] veie [O] ne vei [V] 6
Fors as veus ki sunt de sesunL138 [L138] a v. [OV] 6
De tost morir, si il unt esté
140 Tute lur vie en mauvesté:
Cil deivent dolur aver adés.
Si jeo preisse le secle trop a fes,L142 [L142] Si joe i p. [V] 6
Ke tant sui jofnes e leger,L143 [L143] ke who.6
144 Jo me porreie tant chargerL144 [L144] purray [O] 6
De tant penser e tant duleir
Ke jo cherreie en nunpoier.L146 [L146] en un poeir [O] 6
Mult tost chanu en devendreie,
148 E pus aprés mult tost porreie
Par teu dolur haster ma fin.
E ceo serreit un faus latin,L150 [L150] T.-L. 5, 233 under latin gives Kunst, Wissenschaft and Gdf. 4, 736a finesse, ruse, subtilité. The line presumably means: And it would be an unintelligent, unwise thing . . . .6
Si averei perdu par grant musage
152 Tute la meité de mun age.
Ben savez cum il est escrit,L153 [L153] s. kil est e. [OV] 6
Si cum Catun enseinne e dit:L154 [L154] e not in [V] 6
"Entremedlez vostre cure
156 De joie u de aukun enveisure."L155 [L155] Disticha Catonis III, 6: Interpone tuis interdum gaudia curis, ut possis animo quemvis sufferre laborem.6
Por ceo ne vus esmerveillezL157 [L157] enmerveyllez [OV] 6
Page 6
Si jeo sui joius e lez,L158 [L158] ieofnes e l. [O] 7L158 [L158] Si ore su [OV] 7
Assez porra venir li tensL159 [L159] avenir [V] 7L159 [L159] A ces p. [OV] 7
160 Ke penser puis de autre sens.'
LE VEILLARD
'Par Deu,' fet li prudom, 'beau fiz,
Ben savez afficher vos diz,
A dire quanke al quor vus gist.L163 [L163] a q. [V] 7
164 N'ad suz cel ren ke Deu fist
Ke seur vus en peust fereL165 [L165] pot [V] 7
De ta vie u de autre affere,
Tant sumes fresles e cheitifs:
168 Mar vint l'ure ke fumes vifs.
Por ceo teng jo a grant folie
De promettre mult lunge vie.L170 [L170] mult not in [V] 7L170 [L170] pemettre [O] 7
Car n'ad suz cel veillard ne enfant [f.250c]
172 Ke set l'ure del moriant,
Car ausi tost moert li letanzL173 [L173] autre si t. meorent [O] morent [V] 7
Cum celui ki ad cent anz.L173 [L173] Cf. Morawski 201: Aussi tost meurt veiaux com vaiche.7
Por ceo sui mult pensif e murne
176 Del mund ki vet e pus returne
E sa e la e munt [e] jus:L177 [L177] e munt [e] jus This rare combination is not noted by L. Foulet in L'Effacement des adverbes de lieu, Romania 69 (1946-7), 1-79, and T.-L. lists only one other example, que d'amont que de jus, La Mort Aymeri de Narbonne, S.A.T.F. (1884), l. 630.7
Mult en poet hoem estre cunfus.
Pensez en, si fras ke sage,L179 [L179] frez [O] fres [V] 7L179 [L179] P. einz [V] 7
180 Lessez folie e tun musage.'
L'ENFANT
'Sire,' fet l'enfant adunkes,L181 [L181] a idunkes [O] 7
'Ki sarmoner ne seust unkes,L182 [L182] sustes [V] 7
Vus le porriez a ceo mettreL183 [L183] purrez [OV] 7L183 [L183] you could teach him a thing or two about it.7
184 Sanz abecé e tut sanz lettre,L184 [L184] abett [V] 7
Tant avez la lange pleine
Des diz le prestre al dimeine.L186 [L186] De d. au p. de d. [O] De d. au p. [V] 7
Ben dites veir ke jo pleggageL187 [L187] ieo de pl. [O] 7
Page 7
188 Nen ai pas de mun jofne age,
Mes cil haut rei ke nus tuz fistL189 [L189] nus vus [O] 8L189 [L189] haut not in [V] 8
Ja por duleir un jur de respitL190 [L190] dolur [O] 8
Ne vus dorra, sachez de fi,
192 Si tu ne l'as de plus servi.L192 [L192] de plus appears to have the same meaning as plus; see A. Tobler, Vermischte Beiträge 2 (2nd ed., Leipzig, 1906), 62-4.8
E si jo moer jofnes enfant,L193 [L193] morre [V] 8L193 [L193] Koch reads moire V, an error caused by a crease in the page.8
Meuz voil aler a Deu riant
Ke veuz chanu a chef de tur
196 Finir ma vie a grant dolur.L196 [L196] Finer [V] 8
Car jo vus di, cum home plus vit,
Plus maus atent e meins delit,
Car veillesce ad iteu manere
200 Ki plus avance, plus met arere;L200 [L200] Kil [O] Ke plus a. [V] 8L200 [L200] Ki those whom.8
Cum plus les ad mis en age,L201 [L201] les refers to les veuz.8
Tant lur ad fet greinnur damage,L202 [L202] grant d. [V] 8
Car anguisses i troverunt
204 E gueres pru ne i s'eiderunt.L204 [L204] p. ni prendrunt [OV] 8L204 [L204] The position of i is unusual.8
Por maladies e por ennui
Servi cuvent k'il seient de autrui,L206 [L206] seit [O] 8L206 [L206] ke vent [O] 8
Cum norice fet sun enfant,L205 [L205] Because of their ills and troubles, they (old people) have to be looked after by someone else, just as a nurse does a child, . . .8
208 E sa e la vet danzelantL208 [L208] danzelant pampering. Not a derivative of tanzen as Koch supposed, but from *domnicella (T.-L. 2, 1187).8 [f.250d]
Por le cucher e le lever
E le manger e le plurer.
Tut issi cuvent aprés
212 Servir les veuz desoremés.L212 [L212] veuz not in [V] 8
Tant redotent en nunsaveir
K'il ne poent lur sen aveir;L214 [L214] pussent [V] 8
Dunt,' fet il, 'freie musardie
216 Si m'estuasse a tele vie.L216 [L216] cele v. [O] 8
Meus me vaut mort ke vifL217 [L217] uaudreit [OV] 8
Ke jo fusse un tel cheitif,L217 [L217] There are two comparisons involved in this construction, both dependent on Meus me vaut mort. For the use of the subjunctive in the second, see Gamillscheg, op. cit., pp. 748-9.8
Ke ore apreisse la dolur
220 Ke dunc me serreit a gref sojur;L220 [L220] which would be with me for an unhappy period of time.8
E jo mettreie en nunchalerL221 [L221] m. a n. [OV] 8
Page 8
La joie ke Deu me fet ore aver
Por lui servir, si cum li plest,
224 E jo le freie od grant deshet,L224 [L224] fray [V] 9
Par orgoil u par melancolie;
Dunc me doint Deu mult curte vie.L226 [L226] mult not in [O] 9L226 [L226] doyne d. [V] 9
Meus vaut jofne morir a joie
228 Ke veuz veillard a male voie.L228 [L228] telescoped Ke veu veillard ne veye a poine [O] 9
Un sul veillard ne vei a peine,
Tant cum plus vit, plus mauz demeine,L230 [L230] demeine See Introduction, pp. xxvi-xxvii.9
E cum serreit en joie dunkes,
232 Si en avant ne l'aveit unkes?L232 [L232] en nauant [V] 9
Mes trestut ad despendu sun age
En dolur e en mal usage.
Ben sachez ke l'en troeve escrit,L235 [L235] en escrit [O] 9
236 Dunt meint en poet aver respit:L236 [L236] prendre r. [OV] 9L236 [L236] en not in [O] 9
Ki a Deu dune ceo ke li plest,L237 [L237] ke il pl. [V] 9
Si a bon quor e a joie nel fet,L238 [L238] Si ad b. q. [V] 9
Ja n'en avera merci ne gré,L239 [L239] en not in [V] 9
240 Sachez le vus por verité.
Ore poez avant passer
E un autre jofne entasser
De vos paroles, si beau vus est–
244 De l'encuper estes tut prest;L244 [L244] est uus p. [V] 9
Si mei lessez des ore ester, [f.251a]
Sanz nul ennui ici juer.'L246 [L246] e. e si j. [V] 9
LE VEILLARD
Li veus hoem dunc li respund:L247 [L247] dunc not in [OV] 9
248 'Si Deu me saut, ki fist le mund,L248 [L248] Si d. me gart [OV] tut le m. [O] 9
Mult quidez estre sutil e beautL249 [L249] baud [OV] 9L249 [L249] beaut < bald not < bellum; cf. 930 and note.9
De un sen ke mult poi vus vaut.L250 [L250] mult not in [OV] 9
Porreit l'en en nule guyseL251 [L251] Purreyt [OV] 9L251 [L251] porriet L has been corrected to porreit to avoid possible confusion with t for z in the second person plural; see Introduction, p. xxiii.9
252 Tun quor changer de cest empriseL252 [L252] Tun q. charger [O] 9
Page 9
Ke ussez occupé ta cure
En tristur plus ke en enveisure?'L254 [L254] en not in [V] 10
L'ENFANT
'Nenal,' fet cil, 'ben le sachezL255 [L255] fet il [V] 10
256 Ke ja ne fust si ben atachezL256 [L256] ne not in [O] 10
Dedenz mun quor doel e tristur,
Mult i avereit petit sujur,L258 [L258] p. sauur [O] 10
Tant me sai jo ben cunforter,
260 Si sai a mun quor ben porterL260 [L260] sui [O] sai [V] 10
Ke ja ne i vendra fors joie e ben,L261 [L261] v. si ioie [OV] 10
Ja ne i demorra mauveise ren.'L262 [L262] maveisie [V] 10
LE VEILLARD
Li prudum dist: 'Vaslet, a certes
264 Mult vus en porreient venir granz pertesL264 [L264] granz not in [O] 10L264 [L264] porreit [V] 10
Ke teu chose alissez vantant,
Dunt ne fussez espruvee avant.
Mes si il vus fust ore a pleisir,L267 [L267] il not in [V] 10
268 U vus eussez nul bon leisir,L268 [L268] leiser [V] 10L268 [L268] nul not in [OV] 10
Jo me serreie ci pres de vus.L269 [L269] serrey si pris de [O] serrai [V] 10
Sanz ceo k'il n'i eust curuzL270 [L270] il not in [OV] 10
Ne mauvesté ne vilanie,
272 Vus demandereie de vostre vieL272 [L272] Koch suggests (p. 207) that vostre could be changed to nostre, if vie is interpreted as human life in general.10
Aventures ke suvent venent,
Ki quor de home trublent e tenent,L274 [L274] Li q. [V] 10
Saver mun, si solacer
276 Nus en pussez de aukun penser.'
L'ENFANT
'Jeo le grant,' fet li vaslet, 'beau sire,L277 [L277] iuuencel [O] 10L277 [L277] Oy grant [O] 10L277 [L277] li is used for le by the scribe of L. As this is not a known Anglo-Norman trait, I have preferred the V reading le.10
Page 10
Ke vus pussez tun vuleir dire.
Ja curucee ne mei verrez,
280 Ne, si Deu plest, vus ne serrez.
E vus freez une curteisie:L281 [L281] frez [O] 11L281 [L281] freez Cf. resteez, Set Dormanz 1108; see Tanquerey, op. cit., pp. 212-13 and Morphology, p. xxiii.11 [f.251b]
Si jo vus di sen u folie,
Tut le prendre[z] uelement,L283 [L283] prendez [O] 11L283 [L283] Tut Tant [OV] 11
284 Car ceo affert a sage gent;
Si jofne enfant de ren mesdit,
Ne deivent plet tenir, ceo quit.L286 [L286] Nen [O] 11
Comencez dunc,' fet li vaslet,
288 'Sen u folie, quel ke vus plet.'
LE VEILLARD
'Certes,' fet cil, 'mult bonement;L289 [L289] fet il [OV] 11
Mes jeo vei ci tut erraument
Venir tantes aventures
292 Ki felunesses sunt e dures,
Ke jo ne sai u comencer,
E tutes ne puis jo pas must[r]er.L294 [L294] muser [V] 11L294 [L294] En tutes [V] 11L294 [L294] Koch reads muscer L.11
Une a primes vus nomerai,L295 [L295] Unes [V] 11
296 Ceo est le tut: ke jo morrai.
Sachez, par el passer ne puis,
De ceo al quor sui trop cunfus.'L298 [L298] Koch reads fu for su O (sui V).11
L'ENFANT
Fet li vaslet: 'Par seint Richer,L299 [L299] iuuencel [O] 11
300 Unc n'oi mes hoem si comencerL300 [L300] mes not in [OV] 11
Ki de la cue feist le chef.L301 [L301] feyt [O] fest [V] 11L301 [L301] A proverbial expression; see T.-L. 2, 385.11
Ore vus dirrai cuntre cest gref:L302 [L302] co gr. [V] 11
La mort ke tant est redutee
304 Ne deit pas peine estre nomee,
Ne survenue de malaventure,
Einz est tut dreit curs de Nature.
Page 11
Si Nature vus est encuntre quor,
308 Dunt sai jo ben, en memes le foer
Tei deit ennuer ta bele vie,L309 [L309] dei [OV] 12
Ben le sachez, mes nel fet mie;
Car si grant dreit avez en mort
312 Cum de vivre en grant desport.'L312 [L312] g. cunfort [O] 12
[LE VEILLARD]
'Ben est veir, mes mult me meot,
Fet li veillart, morir m'estoet.'L314 [L314] The rejection of mort L for morir (OV murir) avoids assuming that estoet is here used personally, an unlikely possibility (cf. T.-L. 3, 1431).12
[L'ENFANT]
'Prudum, fet cil, por ceo nasquistes,L315 [L315] fest [V] 12L315 [L315] P. pur ceo fet cil n. [OV] 12
316 Nul ne serra de ceo quites.
Quanke s'e[n] vent, pus s'en revet; [f.251c]
A quei dunkes fetes teu plet?'
[LE VEILLARD]
'Beau fiz,' fet il, 'jo dut la mort,
320 Si ne pus aver cunfort.'L320 [L320] nen p. [O] 12
[L'ENFANT]
L'enfant respund: 'Ceo n'est pas sensL321 [L321] co ne pas [V] 12
De trop duleir e perdre tens.'L322 [L322] dolier [O] 12
E pus ad dit: 'Ceo est grant folie
324 De duter tant en ceste vie
La ren ke ja ne poet faillir,L325 [L325] put [V] 12
Ceo est de tost u tart morir.
Ki dute ceo ke failler ne poet,L327 [L327] faillir [OV] 12
328 De mult petite chose se moet.
Page 12
Cil ki nasqui, aprés morra,L329 [L329] Cil ki vendra [V] 13
Passer par el pas ne porra.'
LE VEILLARD
Li veus prudum adunc li dist:L331 [L331] veus not in [V] 13
332 'Assis avez ben cest respit,
E ceo me fet grant joie averL333 [L333] E not in [O] 13
Ke si jofne estes de grant saver.L334 [L334] Ki [O] 13
Solaz en ai, mes nekedent
336 Plus vus dirrai de mun talent
Por plus oir de vos bons diz;
De grant solaz estes, beau fiz.
Morir m'estoet certes, beau frere.'
L'ENFANT
340 'Est ceo dunc sen,' fet il, 'beau pere,L340 [L340] fet a [O] 13L340 [L340] sen not in [V] sent [O] 13L340 [L340] Est ceo dute [V] 13
Ke vus dutez itant la mort,
Si ne vuler aver cunfort,L342 [L342] uolez [OV] 13L342 [L342] vuler Cf. Introduction, p. xxiii.13
Mes tuz jurs dites ke vus morrez?
344 Cument dunc passer porrez
Le gué ke tant ad esté usee?L345 [L345] Le ieu [OV] 13L345 [L345] Neither the figurative use of gué here, nor the use in 587, is noted by Gdf. or T.-L.13
Ben ne serra ja encusé,
Mes tuz jurs mal, quanke l'en poet:
348 A mauveis hoem dire l'estoet.
Ore moergez vus u u demain,
Ne estes pas le premereinL350 [L350] Nen [O] 13
Ne le drein ne serrez pas.L351 [L351] le not in [V] 13L349 [L349] Cf. Seneca, De remediis fortuitorum (Palmer, op. cit., p. 32): Ratio. Nec primus: vltimus omnes me antecesserunt, omnesque consequentur.13
352 A quei estes dolent e las?
Tuz sunt partiz quanke furent, [f.251d]
Reis, emperus, trestuz morirent,L354 [L354] mururent [O] murent [V] 13
E tuz iceus ki vendrunt aprés
356 De la mort en porterunt le fes.
Dame Nature, quant vus nasquistes,
Page 13
Tes jurneies ad tutes escrites
E meintenant mist a ta vie
360 Un terme ke vus ne passerez mie.L360 [L360] ni p. [V] 14
Tant cum estes en cest estage,
Ta vie n'est fors un pelrimage,L362 [L362] for cum un p. [O] ne fors [V] 14L362 [L362] Cf. Seneca (Palmer, op. cit., p. 30): Ratio. Peregrenatio est vita, multa cum deambulaueris: deinde redeundum est.14
E au derein repeirerez
364 A ta nature, kar vus morrer.'L364 [L364] par aillours ne chaperetz in the right-hand margin [V] 14L364 [L364] a terre14L364 [L364] murrez [O] 14L364 [L364] not in [V] 14
[LE VEILLARD]
'Ceo est ceo ke jeo vus di,'
Fet li prudum, 'dunt sui marri.'L366 [L366] dune su mar cy [O] 14L366 [L366] Koch reads dunc for dune O.14
[L'ENFANT]
'N'ad suz cel hoem,' fet il, 'beau sire,L367 [L367] fet il not in [OV] 14
368 Ke en repruver vus peust direL368 [L368] poet [O] 14
Ke vus morrez u tost u tart,L369 [L369] murriez [V] 14
K'il n'en eust aukes sa part;
Quant le fiz Deu suffri la mort,
372 Si vus la dutez, ceo est a tort.'L372 [L372] a not in [O] 14L367 [L367] There is not a man on earth, he said, who as a reproach could tell you that you will die sooner or later, who would not have his share in death. Since the son of God suffered death, it is wrong for you to fear it.14
LE VEILLARD
'Ben est veirs,' fet il, 'beau fiz,
Grant folie est sulum vos diz
De trop duter u loinz u pres,L375 [L375] De trop aler [OV] 14
376 Quant tuz portent mesmes le fes.
Mes jeo pens mult de quele mortL377 [L377] mut deske la mort [O] 14
L'em peust aver greinnur cunfort.L378 [L378] Between these lines Murir mestet certes beu frere (cf. l. 339) [O] Morir mestut certes bieau frere
Mes io ne say en quele manere [V] 14L378 [L378] put [V] 14L378 [L378] greinnur greatest.14
Si jo receuse mutes colees
380 De hache u de cops de espees,
U fusse detrenché menuement,L379 [L379] Seneca (Palmer, op. cit., p. 34): Sensus. Sed saepe ferieris et multi in te gladii concurrent.14
Ceo mei serreit un gref turment.'
Page 14
L'ENFANT
Le vaslet adunc li respund:L383 [L383] iuuencel [O] 15
384 'Si Deu mei gard, ki fist le mund,L384 [L384] tut le m. [O] 15
Jo vus en dirrai mun avisL385 [L385] men [O] 15L385 [L385] en not in [OV] 15
De ceo ke ci me avez requis:L386 [L386] requis apris [V] 15
Ja tant ne seez en pes u en guerre
388 Plaé par arme ke seit en terre,
Ne perdrez fors par une la vie.L389 [L389] Cf. Seneca (Palmer, op. cit., p. 34): Ratio. Quid refert an multa sint vulnera non potest amplius, quam vnum esse mortiferum.15 [f.252a]
Dunt di jo ben ke ceo est folie,L390 [L390] est not in [V] 15
Si Jesu set ke il morra par plaie,L391 [L391] Si home set [OV] 15L391 [L391] The OV variant home seems to be a better reading, but Jesu makes acceptable sense; cf. 371.15
392 Si il de plusurs plaies s'esmaie.L392 [L392] sen maie [V] 15L392 [L392] il not in [V] 15
Car une mortele autant li fratL393 [L393] atant [V] 15
Cum cinc cenz autres, si il les ad.
Por ceo, sire, ja ne pensez,L395 [L395] nen p. [OV] 15
396 Quant vus savez ke morir devez.L396 [L396] vus not in [OV] 15
Lessez celui a cunvenirL397 [L397] Lessez . . . a cunvenir let . . . take care of matters. Here and in 856 the MS. readings appear to be a cunvenir rather than acunvenir which Koch prints. Since acunvenir, though not entirely unattested as Koch says (cf. T.-L. 1, 122.40), appears to be very rare, and since lesser cunvenir is frequently found (T.-L. 2, 984), I have preferred the simple verb. This means accepting the construction lesser + a + inf. (T.-L. 5, 89.32).15
Ki cel e terre poet tut tenirL398 [L398] put [V] 15
E fere de tut sa volunté,
400 Ke il vus guie par sa pieté.L400 [L400] pité [OV] 15L400 [L400] Kuil (?) [V] 15
E si facez vus un saveir:
Lessez ester icest duleir,
Kar ja por itel affereL403 [L403] pur nul a. [V] 15L403 [L403] Que [V] 15
404 Ne cunquerrez plein pé de terre.'L404 [L404] a single foot of land.15
LE VEILLARD
'Ben est veirs,' fet il, 'beau frere;
Beneite seit icele mere
Ki fist itele porteure,
408 Ki dire set iteu mesure.L408 [L408] sust [O] sout [V] 15
Mes une ren,' fet il, 'desplet,L409 [L409] fe il [O] 15
Ke mult mun quor met en dehet.L410 [L410] mult not in [O] 15
Ore vus dirrai le men corage:L411 [L411] d. men c. [O] 15
Page 15
412 Ke si jo vois en pelrimage,
Si me vendra une maladie,
Poet cel estre, ki me tout la vie,L414 [L414] Put [V] 16
Si serrai en estrange paisL415 [L415] Cf. Seneca (Palmer, op. cit., p. 34): Sensus. Peregre morieris.16
416 Mult esgaré, ceo me est avis,
E sanz amis e sanz aie
M'en partirai de ceste vie;
Si en serra ma dolur grant
420 En vie e al muriant.L420 [L420] el m. [O] en le m. [V] 16
U si jeo moerc u si jeo vif,L421 [L421] vifs [V] 16L421 [L421] meor [O] mor [V] 16L421 [L421] moerc L reads moert which I have changed, as it is more reasonable to assume a velar ending; cf. Pope § 900.16
Si serra[i] un dolerus cheitif,L422 [L422] serra [V] 16
Kar loinz serrai de mun pais,
424 Trop esgaré sanz mes amis,
E de mei nul plet ne frunt [f.252b]
Les estranges ki mei verrunt.'
L'ENFANT
'Beaus sire,' fet dunc l'enfant,
428 'De ceo ke vus alez dementant
Por aventures ke trop avenent,L429 [L429] trop in great numbers.16
Ki en amertume tun quor tenent,
De ceo ne mei merveil pas.L431 [L431] merveylle [O] 16L431 [L431] mei not in [O] 16
432 Mes si tant estes dolent e las
Ke de cunfort n'avez cure,
Ceo est la greinnure mesaventure;
Kar si vus alez en estrange terre,
436 En pelrimage u en autre affere,
Ben deit ta discretiun
Tun jofne quor mettre a reisun.
Jofne quor vus apeau jeo,
440 Ki creit itute volunté.L440 [L440] The reading of L seems to be itute not i tute which Koch reads (cf. V itote). However this does not render the line much less obscure and I can offer no suitable translation. Koch conjectures that the original might have been en tute volunté.16
Un sages hoem e de bel age
Suzdure poet un fou curage.
Ore moergez u ke ceo seit,
444 Tun pais ert e a bon dreit;
Page 16
Tun cors est terre e a terre irras;L445 [L445] Cf. Vulgate, Gen. 3:19: quia pulvis es, et in pulverem reverteris.17
Dunc di jo ben, sachez sanz gas,
Vus serrez mort e pus porri,
448 Ja tant suef ne seez norri.
A mei serreit dunc fort affere
Ta char sevrer hors de la terre,
Kar ne saverei le quel est tel,L451 [L451] Ki ne s. [V] 17L451 [L451] le quel est tel which is which. I have not noted this expression elsewhere.17
452 Ne ne savereit nul hoem mortel.
Dunc di ke Inde u la terre as MorsL453 [L453] a M. [V] 17L453 [L453] Inde Cf. Josaphaz 1982: En Inde n'en nule autre terre.17
Est si naturele a tun cors
Cum la terre u vus nasquites;
456 Ja ne serrez de ceo quites.
Sachez ke dunc est musardie
De trop penser en ceste vie
U vus voillez de ci partirL459 [L459] U not in [V] 17
460 E u te faces ensevelir.
L'em dort si suef en autre pais [f.252c]
Cum en sun propre, ceo m'est avis.'L461 [L461] Cf. Seneca (Palmer, op. cit., p. 34): Ratio. Non est grauior foris: quam domi somnus.17
LE VEILLARD
'Ben est veir,' fet li veillart,
464 'Mes dites mei, si Deu vus gart,
Ore seit ke ne moere mie,
Coment demenerai jo ma vieL466 [L466] demerrai [V] 17
Sanz dolur e sanz tristesce?
468 Si jo sent mal u nule destresce
Par aventure en estrange terre,
Si jo i vois por mun meuz fere,
A ki pleindre ne saverei pas;L471 [L471] neuerrai pas [V] 17
472 De ceo serrei dolent e las,L472 [L472] serrai [V] 17
Kar mes amis ne verrei mieL473 [L473] a. ni v. [V] 17
Ki me soleient fere cumpainie.
Cument ke seit, de mun dehet
476 Les estranges ne tendrunt plet.
Ceo me serreit un gref penser
Page 17
Dunt jo porreie mult doluser.'L478 [L478] purrai [V] 18
Li veil se tint e ne dist mes,L479 [L479] An earlier scribe probably copied se tint from 480 instead of writing se tut. This error is common to all MSS.; see Introduction, p. xvii.18
480 Por escuter se tint en pes.
Ben aparceit e set l'enfant
Ke cil l'i vet mult agueitant,L482 [L482] cil le v. [V] 18
U par fet u par aukun dit
484 Ke il l'i trublast un petit,L484 [L484] Ke le t. [V] 18
Ke sa joie peust desdire
E sa emprise descunfire.
L'ENFANT
'Sire,' fet l'enfant, 'a certes,
488 Ore vei ben ke mutes pertes
Vus poent avenir tute jur
Ke vus meissent en grant dolur.L490 [L490] meitent a g. d. [V] 18
Si femme fussez u enfant,
492 Meins vus porreie blamer de tantL492 [L492] purrei b. di tant [V] 18
Ke tun quor fust si volage
Ke doleir vousist por teu damage.
Ore vus dirrai le men avis:
496 Ja ne serrez en teu pais
Ke le vostre ne seit sanz faille,L497 [L497] le not in [V] 18 [f.252d]
Si vus ne valez une maille;L498 [L498] ne en [V] 18L496 [L496] whatever country you are in will be yours, even if you are not worth a halfpenny. For the general sense, cf. 517-18, 523-7.18
Ja tant ne saverez par terre errerL499 [L499] tant not in [V] 18
500 Ke cil ki fist e cel e mer
Ne vus veie e tost e tart,
Ja nen irrez icele part.L502 [L502] Ia ni i. [V] 18
Ceo est cil ki fist communement
504 E terre e mer e cel e vent,
E tut le fist por vus servir,
Si vus le sussez recuillir.
U ke vus seez tresturné,L507 [L507] E ke [V] 18
508 Trestut vus serrat besturné,
Sachez le vus ben por veir,
Page 18
Si vus ne fetes sun vuleir.
Neis en la mesun vostre pere
512 De parent n'averez ne de mere
Joie parfite ne nul aie,L511 [L511] Not even in your father's house will you have perfect joy nor any help from kinsman or mother . . . ..19
Si vus ne servez le fiz Marie.
Kar dunc vus cuntralierunt
516 Tuz iceus ki sunt al mund.L516 [L516] el m. [V] 19
Si francs estes, duz e gentiz,
Tutes terres vus sunt pais;
Si faus estes e surquidez,
520 Estranges estes u futes nez.
Ore vus dirrai un autre ren
Dunt vus me poez crere ben:
Ki ad la chose ke lui pleise,L523 [L523] kil li pl. [V] 19
524 En tutes terres vit a eise;
Le pais nen ad en sei
Fors grant joie e bone fei.
Si vus sentez mal u damage,
528 Ne le rettez fors a tun curage.
Fetes le ben e ben averez,
Si mal vulez, vus en beverez.L530 [L530] Cf. S'il fet folie, si la boive; Ensi com il brassa si but; Con avés brasé, si bevés, T.-L. 1, 1040 and 1107.19
La chose dunt hoem plus se pleint,
532 Sachez le ben, en sei remeint;L532 [L532] It is possible that the comma should be after Sachez or le, remains a good thing in itself.19
U par feint quor u par folie [f.253a]
L'em recuilt mal u musardie.
Ki fous est, il est estrange
536 E ja ne serrat sanz chalange.
Ki cointes est, sages e pruz,
Il ert par tut amé de tuz.
Por ceo fet par tut bon estre
540 Ki de saveir fet sun mestre.L539 [L539] Therefore it is everywhere pleasant to be, if one makes wisdom one's master.19
Por ceo lessez le toen duleir,
Kar jo nel teng pas a saveir.'L542 [L542] tinc [V] 19
LE VEILLARD
Le veuz hoem se dresce atant
544 Por la resun del jofne enfant
Page 19
E dist: 'Beau fiz, le seint EspiritL545 [L545] le not in [V] 20
Vus gart le cors en fet, en dit,
Kar ben me avez ore ensensé
548 En poi de hure de grant pensé.
Ore ne vus celerai nule renL549 [L549] Ore vus ne c. [V] 20
Por ceo ke vus mei dites si ben.
Ore entendez une aventure
552 Ke poet avenir e trop est dure,
Ceo est la dolur ke jo vus chant:
Ke jo morrai jofnes enfant,L554 [L554] Cf. Seneca (Palmer, op. cit., p. 36): Sensus. Iuuenis morieris.20
E tost me serra acumplie
556 Tute la joie de ceste vie.
E ceo me serreit,' fet il, 'mult grant grefL557 [L557] grant not in [V] 20
E a joie tolir un grant meschef.'L558 [L558] and a great misfortune that would take away my joy.20
L'ENFANT
L'enfant se dresce a icest mot
560 E al veil respundi tantost:L560 [L560] respont [V] 20
'Sire, de ceo ne mentez pas,
Kar ne vus serreit mie a gasL562 [L562] Kar vus ne s. [V] 20
De issi nestre e tost morir
564 Ke plus n'en pussez vus joiirL564 [L564] ioier [V] 20
De cest secle ki veent e fu,L565 [L565] vint [V] 20
Cum icil ki est chanu.L562 [L562] for it would be no joke for you to be born thus and to die young (so) that you could not enjoy this ephemeral life more than an old man (would).20
Mes sachez ben, keke vus pleise,L440 [L440] a folio is missing in O20
568 Tuz ceus del mund [n']unt pas eise,L568 [L568] O begins again here [O] ne nount pas [V] 20
Ne la meseise n'unt pas tuz:L569 [L569] nen nount pas [V] 20
Tel est desus ki ert desuz.
Issi turne la roe de FortuneL571 [L571] t. reo fortune [OV] 20 [f.253b]
572 Ke tuz avum la lei commune,
Les uns le ben, les uns le mal,L573 [L573] Les uns les beaus [O] 20
Le un amuntant e l'autre aval.L574 [L574] e not in [O] 20
Si vus estes jofnes e pruz,
576 Vistes de cors e vigerus,
Nel serrez pas tuz jurz, ami;
Page 20
Turné vus ert le gui parti:L578 [L578] vus i ert [O] 21
Malades serrez u dolerus
580 En aukun tens u en plusurs.
Dunc di jeo ben ke mult vus vautL581 [L581] mult The author may have written meuz (cf. 589), although all MSS. have mult; cf. 607 where meuz would be much more logical than bon. See discussion of manuscript filiation, p. xvii. However, there is a similar construction, apparently lacking a comparative adverb, in the Latin of the Vulgate: expedit enim tibi ut pereat unum membrorum tuorum, quam totum corpus tuum mittatur in gehennam, Matt. 5:29 (and similarly in 5:30). Chardri may be adopting this construction from a familiar Biblical passage, with ke equivalent to quam in the sense of rather than.21
Jofne morir, quant ren ne vus faut,L582 [L582] ne not in [OV] 21
Ke attendre la mesaventure
584 Ke passera tute mesure.L584 [L584] passa [O] 21
Dunc vudriez vus aver la mort,
Ceo serreit vostre greinnur cunfort.
Certes, meuz vaut lesser le guéL587 [L587] Cf. note on 345.21
588 Ke folement estre bainné.
Ausi vaut meuz morir enfantL589 [L589] Ausi meuz vaut m. [OV] 21
Ke mult vivere por estre dolent.L590 [L590] dolaunt [O] 21
Un autre ren ben vus dirrai
592 U ja ren ne i mentirai:L592 [L592] U ia ne ny m. [O] U ia nen ni m. [V] 21
Si vus ussez quanke vus plest
E en tute ta vie ne usset dehet,L594 [L594] ussez [OV] 21L594 [L594] E not in [V] 21
Fet vus serreit un beau servise,
596 Si fussez mort en ceste guise.
Car la veillesce ne passeriez mie,L597 [L597] passerez [O] ni passirez [V] 21
Ja tant ne fust duce ta vie.'L598 [L598] la vie [OV] 21
[LE VEILLARD]
'Dunc tenez vus veillesce a mal?'
[L'ENFANT]
600 L'enfant respund: 'Sire, nanal.
Mes les dolurs tanz i sunt,L601 [L601] tauntes [OV] 21
Nes vus dirreit nul hoem del mund.L602 [L602] Ne vus d. [OV] 21
L'en le troeve en l'escripture
604 Ke cil ki en age gueres dure,
Ke il dechece en veillesce,L605 [L605] Koch prints se for ke, which Mussafia, op. cit., p. 606, declares unnecessary. Mussafia does not see the subjunctive as unusual; cf. Introduction, p. xxvi.21
Tutes dolurs li frunt destresce.L606 [L606] funt [OV] 21L606 [L606] Tante d. [V] 21L603 [L603] I have found no exact parallel to this passage.21
Dunc di jo ben: mult fet bon estreL607 [L607] Cf. note on 581.21
Page 21
608 Mort en joie e pres le nestre,L608 [L608] en j. en p. [O] 22
Ke atendre cele grant dolur [f.253c]
Dunt ore beivent mult li plusur.L610 [L610] Cf. note on 530.22
Quant jofne moert ki ad Deu servi,
612 Assez est veil, sachez de fi.L612 [L612] Asez v. est [V] 22
Destiné tant a l'enfant si fuL613 [L613] si not in [V] 22
De tost morir cum al chanu.'L614 [L614] a ch. [V] 22
LE VEILLARD
'Beau fiz,' fet il, 'vus dites veir,
616 Ore mei metez en bon espeirL616 [L616] espeir expectation. The line appears to mean give me something to look forward to, to cheer me up.22
De une chose ke vus demand:
U seit arere u seit avant,
Morir m'estoet a chef de tur,
620 Seit ceo en joie u en dolur,
Mes ben tost avenir porra
Ke ja hoem ne me ensevelira,L622 [L622] Cf. Seneca (Palmer, op. cit., p. 36): Sensus. Insepultus eris.22
Mes issi girra[i] tut en apert,L623 [L623] issi serra t. [V] 22
624 A tute ren tut descovert,
Si serrunt mult genz irascuL625 [L625] mute g. [V] 22
De la puur u del cors nu,
E mei serreit trop lede affere
628 Si mun cors n'est tost mis en terre.
Les oiseals mei depinceruntL629 [L629] Cf. Seneca (Palmer, op. cit., p. 38): Ratio. . . , an fera me commedat, . . .22
E les gros luus mei devurrunt,
E les mastins tut ensement;
632 Ceo me serreit un gref turment.'
L'ENFANT
'Sire,' fet cil, 'jo vus dirrai,L633 [L633] fet il [O] iol [V] 22
Ja mun avis ne vus celerai:
Si enseveli nen estes mie,
636 Nel tenez pas a grant folie.
Cent mille seinz joie reçurent,L637 [L637] C. m. cenz [O] 22
Page 22
Ki unkes en terre enseveliz ne furent:
U il sunt neez u en feu ars,
640 U de urs mangez u de lebarz.L640 [L640] de lous m. [O] 23
E si vus dirrai un autre ren,L641 [L641] d. de un a. [V] 23
Gardez ke vus i entendez ben:L642 [L642] atendez [O] uus lentendez [V] 23
Quant l'aime del cors s'en ert parti,L643 [L643] sen est p. [V] 23
644 Ceo ert sanz faille le giu parti
De tute gent, ceo me est avis.
E u ke le cors en seit remis,L646 [L646] en not in [O] 23L646 [L646] E not in [V] 23
Ren ne sentira de nul affereL647 [L647] Ren Ben [OV] 23 [f.253d]
648 Plus ke une bleste prise de terre.L648 [L648] bleste clod. For a discussion of the etymology, see F. Lecoy, Romania 75 (1954), 413.23
Dunc di jeo ke li cors ne sentL649 [L649] di io bien ke [V] 23
Si il est en terre u il gist al vent.L650 [L650] u g. al v. [O] 23
Dunc nen ad ren ke vus despleise,
652 Si vostre alme est a eise.'L652 [L652] seit a e. [V] 23
LE VEILLARD
Li veil respund: 'Ceo ert grant hunteL653 [L653] another veil in right-hand margin 23
Ke tant de mei ne tendrunt cunteL654 [L654] ne il [V] 23
Ke nul ne vout sei entremettreL655 [L655] Ke nul ke v. [O] 23L655 [L655] One would expect Ke nul voille; cf. Introduction, p. xxvii.23
656 De le men cors en terre mettre.'
L'ENFANT
'Sire,' fet cil, 'jo vus dirrai ben
Cum a prudome iceste ren.
Jo ai oi en muz lius dire,
660 E vus le dussez ben saver, sire,
Ke unkes enterrement de cors
Ne fu cuntrové sul por les mors,L662 [L662] le m. [V] 23
Mes por les vifs, sachez di fi.L663 [L663] le v. [V] 23
664 Kar quant le cors en fust porri,L664 [L664] en not in [O] 23
Dunt freit as vifs destructiunL665 [L665] a v. [OV] 23L665 [L665] feit [O] 23
La puur e la grant corruptiun,L666 [L666] grant not in [O] 23
Page 23
E la hidur de l'esgarder
668 Freit mult as vifs le quor arder;L668 [L668] a v. [OV] 24L668 [L668] mult not in [V] 24L661 [L661] Cf. Seneca (Palmer, op. cit., p. 40): Ratio. . . , non defunctorum causa: sed viuorum inuenta est sepultura, vt corpora et visu, et odore feda amouerentur, . . .24
Kar le penser e la puurL669 [L669] la penser [V] 24
Lur freit al quor mult grant dolur,
Ke ja heité ne serreient,
672 E de assez la gent vivereient
Meins ke ne firent sa en arere.L673 [L673] ke il f. [V] 24L673 [L673] ne not in [OV] 24L672 [L672] and people would live much less long than they once did.24
Dunt dussent il, sachez, beau pere,
Plus sei pener de l'ensevelir
676 Ke vus ki en devez morir.
Quant Deu l'ad issi porveu,L677 [L677] Q. issi d. lad p. [V] 24
M'est avis de poi estes esmeu.'L678 [L678] Mes de poy estes en mu [O] Mut de poi est mou [V] 24L678 [L678] Tanquerey, op. cit., p. 500, reconstructs this line from OV as Mes (or Mut) de poi estes esmeu. Both seem unlikely and it is possible that Tanquerey was more concerned with the question of re-establishing diaeresis for esmeu than considering the sense.24
LE VEILLARD
'Beau fiz,' fet cil, 'ceo poet ben estre,L679 [L679] fet cil not in [V] 24L679 [L679] Leau f. [O] 24
680 Jo le vus otrei, seez vus mestre.L680 [L680] le not in [V] 24
Tut seit il dit en reprover
Ke en veille gent est li saver,L682 [L682] Ken en [V] 24L682 [L682] Cf. Job 12:12: In antiquis est sapientia, et in multo tempore prudentia.24
Jo di por veir ke mult plus sage
684 Est ta juvente ke mun veil age.
Le sanc est chaut e le quor leger, [f.254a]
Li sens i poet ben herberger.L686 [L686] herbiger [V] 24
Jo teng le veil a nunsavantL687 [L687] tinc [V] 24
688 Ke plus quide valer ke un tel enfant;L688 [L688] un unt [V] 24
Ja n'eit tant oi ne tant veuL689 [L689] Ia neit oi [OV] 24
Ke il ne poet estre por sot tenu.L690 [L690] por not in [OV] 24L690 [L690] il not in [V] 24L689 [L689] no matter how much he has heard and seen, he can yet be considered a fool. See also Introduction, p. xxvi.24
Ore, beau frere, vus dirrai plus:
692 Gardez ke vus ne seez cunfusL692 [L692] conclus [O] 24
Des aventures ke tanz avenentL693 [L693] taunt [OV] 24
E ke les quors en doel meintenentL694 [L694] le q. [V] 24
De ceus ki sunt ore cheitifs;L695 [L695] De c. ke sunt kore sunt ch. [O] De c. ki sunt ke or sunt ch. [V] 24
696 Assez unt morz e plus les vifs.L696 [L696] le v. [V] 24L696 [L696] Koch suggests (p. 212) that this line has a meaning similar to 697, however I feel that assez and plus refer back to aventures 693: the dead have plenty (of misfortunes) and the living more.24
Page 24
Des morz avum parlee assezL697 [L697] De m. [OV] 25
E vus me avez en tut passez;
Ore parlerum, si il vus plerreit,L699 [L699] il not in [OV] 25
700 De ceus ke vivent en grant destreit,
En anguisse e en grant dolurL701 [L701] e not in [O] 25
Ke lur avenent e nut e jur.'L702 [L702] a. nut [V] 25L702 [L702] auent [OV] 25
L'ENFANT
L'enfant respunt: 'Tut a leisirL703 [L703] tust a leiser [V] 25
704 Dirrez, beau pere, vostre pleisir.'L704 [L704] Dites [O] Dirre [V] 25
LE VEILLARD
'Vostre merci,' fet li veillart,
'E jo le vus dirrai, si Deu me gart,L706 [L706] le not in [O] 25
Sanz curuz e sanz vileinie,
708 Des aventures de ceste vie
Ke avenent ore chescun jur
E si nus mettent en grant tristur.L710 [L710] nus vus [O] 25
Issi voil comencer mun cunte,L711 [L711] voil comencer A future construction according to E. Burghardt, Über den Einfluss des Englischen auf das Anglonormannische, Studien zur Englischen Philologie 24 (Halle, 1906), pp. 69, 72; cf. 459, 1742.25
712 Ki primes l'ad gueres ne munte,L712 [L712] E puis i uerrez quei amounte [V] 25L712 [L712] This line which appears in both L and O has no obvious sense. Perhaps the line was originally a game-playing formula meaning It doesn't matter who has the first go, here taken as It doesn't matter which point I begin with, admittedly a speculative interpretation. Koch adopts the V reading E puis i verrez quei amounte which may well have been invented by a scribe who was himself confronted with a difficult line.25
Ke est iceo: ja est la lieL713 [L713] lie integral, unavoidable fault, drawback, (contrasting with sein). This figurative use is somewhat like the expression De melancolie dient il ke c'est li lie dou sanc, Amédée Salmon, Remèdes populaires du moyen âge in Etudes romanes dédiées à Gaston Paris (Paris, 1891), p. 254(1).25
De tun sein cors grant maladie,L714 [L714] s. c. la m. [V] 25
Ke tei tendra en grant langurL715 [L715] uendra [V] 25
716 Tute ta vie sanz nul retur,
Si te serra e jur e nut
Dolur remis por tun dedut.
Beau fiz,' fet il, 'ceo est la summe,
720 Iceo seofre meint gentil home.
Ore mei dirrez cuntre cest mal,
Kar cist en est mult communal.'L722 [L722] en not in [O] 25
Page 25
L'ENFANT
Li vaslet dit: 'Mult volunters.L723 [L723] iuuencel [O] 26 [f.254b]
724 Ore me escutez endementers:
Maladie nen est pas hunte
Si ele vostre cors surmunte,
Einz est la volunté de Dé
728 Ke vus estes si flaelé.
Un autre ren vus en dirrai,
U ja ren ne i mentirai:L730 [L730] i not in [O] 26
Sachez le vus ben sanz failleL731 [L731] Sachiez les uus [V] 26
732 Ke en terre, en mer u en batailleL732 [L732] t. u en m. [OV] 26
Ne esproeve l'en mie sulementL733 [L733] len not in [V] 26L733 [L733] Repreoue mi len s. [O] 26
L'enterin quor e le hardement:
Ne lerrai pas ke nel vus die,L735 [L735] pas ke not in [V] ke not in [O] 26L735 [L735] I will not refrain from telling you; or I cannot help but tell you.26
736 L'em le esproeve en maladie,L736 [L736] Len repreoue [O] 26L732 [L732] Cf. Seneca (Palmer, op. cit., p. 40): Ratio. Venit tempus, quo experimentum mei caperem non in mari tantum, aut in prelio vir fortis apparet, exhibitur etiam lectulo virtus. Koch considered 733 an example of the author's interest in chivalry, but the close parallel with Seneca seems to contradict this.26
Enz la langur u vus girrezL737 [L737] la not in [V] 26
Tun leal quor esproverez;
Quant ne s'esmaie, s'il soefre mult,L739 [L739] se maye sil s. [O] sei maie si s. [V] 26
740 Iteu quor ert vaillant par tut.L740 [L740] est [V] 26
Car, beau pere, sachez de veir,
Si mal vus met enz nunpoeir,
Le un de vus en ert le mestre,
744 Ensemble ne porrez tuz jurs estre;
Si vus ne la venkés a estrus,L745 [L745] a esturs [OV] 26
La maladie venquira vus,L742 [L742] Cf. Seneca (Palmer, op. cit., pp. 40-2): Ratio. Non potest illud toto saeculo fieri, aut ego febrem relinquam: aut ipsa me, semper vna esse non possumus. Cum morbo mihi res est, aut vincitur, aut vincet.26
Si serra forte la bataille;
748 Gardez ke quor ne vus faille.
Si vus desesperez de renL749 [L749] desperez [V] 26
E quor vus faille, sachez le ben,
Vencuz en serrez vus plus tost
752 En maladie u seit en ost.L752 [L752] E m. [V] 26L752 [L752] in illness or perhaps in battle.26
Por ceo di jo ke leal quor
Ne s'esmaera a nul foer.
Page 26
Autant deit estre reduteeL755 [L755] rendute [O] 27
756 En bataille le cop de espeeL756 [L756] le not in [V] 27
Cum la haschee de la fevreL757 [L757] Cum la h. [OV] hachie [V] 27L757 [L757] The reading of L Cum ja haschee is simply a slip of the pen.27
Quant vus fet trembler la levre,
Car ausi tost perdrez la vieL759 [L759] auter si t. [O] 27
760 En bataille cum en maladie.'
[LE VEILLARD]
'Ben est veirs,' fet il, 'beau frere, [f.254c]
M'est vis ke en iceste manere
Porrai meuz la langur suffrir
764 Par teu penser recuillir.L764 [L764] E par t. [V] 27
Mes ore mei dites un autre chose
Ke par mei vus serra desclose
De un aventure ke vent adés,
768 Ke a mun quor tout mult la pes:
Ceo ke gent ne mei portent fei,L769 [L769] Co est ke [V] 27
Einz unt grant suspeciun de mei
E quident ke jeo seie de assez
772 Plus mauveis e mult plus surquidezL772 [L772] mult not in [O] 27
Ke ne sui par aventure.L773 [L773] Ke ieo ne su [OV] 27
Por ceo ne sevent nule mesure
De mei empeirer u de mesdire,L775 [L775] ou desmedire [V] 27L775 [L775] Cf. Seneca (Palmer, op. cit., p. 42): Sensus. Male de te opinantur homines.27
776 Si serrad mun quor en grant martyre,
E sur mei mettrunt mult grant folie,L777 [L777] mult not in [OV] 27
Ke deservi ne l'averai mie.'L778 [L778] ne aueray [OV] 27L778 [L778] In OV ke is a relative, that I shall not have deserved, but in L a conjunction, in such circumstances that I shall not have deserved it, i.e. without my deserving it.27
L'ENFANT
L'enfant respund: 'Vus dites veir.
780 Sire,' fet il, 'a mun espeir
Porreit un fol por une pome
Fere grant hunte a un produme
E sun renun mult empeirer
Page 27
784 Si il ne li donast sun bon luer.L784 [L784] sun not in [OV] 28L784 [L784] li not in [V] 28L784 [L784] il = le produme 782; li = un fol 781.28
Ore vus dirrai ceo ke jeo en sent,L785 [L785] ieo not in [OV] 28
Kar mult se peinent male gent
De mesdire en dous e en treisL787 [L787] en d. u en t. [O] 28L787 [L787] en dous a en treis indiscriminately, equally (?), cf. de dous en treis 1630 and T.-L. 2, 1845.47.28
788 Autant des bons cum de mauveis.L788 [L788] de b. [V] 28
Ne poet chaleir de lur renun,L789 [L789] lur nun [O] 28
Quant ne pensez si de ben nun.
Por ceo ne vus penez mie
792 De prendre a fes trop lur folie.L786 [L786] Cf. Disticha Catonis III, 2: Cum recte vivas, ne cures verba malorum: arbitrii non est nostri quid quisque loquatur.28
N'est pas custume, sachez, beau sire,L793 [L793] beau not in [O] 28L793 [L793] Ne pas [V] 28
A sages homes de trop mesdire,L794 [L794] de not in [OV] 28
Mes bonement amender dussent
796 Vostre trespas, si il le seussent.
Si seint Pol mesdeist de vus,
Vus devriez estre anguissus,L798 [L798] deuerez [OV] 28L798 [L798] devriez would have reason to. In V Koch reads Vus deu$$ez as Tus deivez.28
U seint Augustin u seint Gregoire;L799 [L799] gregorie [O] 28L799 [L799] austyn [OV] 28L799 [L799] Cf. Josaphaz 7, Augustin a de seint Gregoire.28 [f.254d]
800 Mult dust trubler vostre memorie.L800 [L800] memoire [OV] 28L797 [L797] Cf. Seneca (Palmer, op. cit., p. 42): Ratio. Sed mali, mouerer si de me Marius, si Cato, si Laelius sapiens, si aliter Cato, si duo Scipiones ista loquerentur, . . .28
Mes n'est pas lur entendementL801 [L801] ne pas [V] 28
De mesdire mult de la gent,
Ne nul autre sage nel frad,L803 [L803] s. le frad [O] 28
804 Kar de l'escrit apris ne l'ad.
Quant des sages ne vent mie,L805 [L805] ne uout? mye [O] 28L805 [L805] de s. [OV] 28
Dunc di jo ben ke de folie
Cuvent venir, sachez de fi,L807 [L807] sage de fi [V] 28
808 Ceste chose ke jo vus di.
A mesdire a fous affert,L809 [L809] See Introduction, p. xxvii.28
Car lur mauvesté le quert
K'il ne sachent de autre ben dire,L811 [L811] ne s. nul ben dire [OV] 28
812 Car lur ben ne i poet suffire.L812 [L812] i not in [OV] 28
Cil ki n'ad nul ben en sei,
Coment le ben dirreit de tei?L814 [L814] dirra [V] 28
En plet ne deit aver escut
816 Ki est pendable de tut en tut,L815 [L815] Proverbial?28
E larun ne deit autre juger,
Quant il del fet est parcener.L818 [L818] de f. [O] 28
Page 28
Dunc pri jo ke nul ne tenge plet
820 De ceo ke mauveis u dit u fet,L820 [L820] ke m. d. [OV] 29
Ben le sachez, ke ceo est lur dreit,L821 [L821] ke kar [V] $$ [O] 29L821 [L821] The kar of OV seems to imply that the ke of L is co-ordinating for, not subordinating that depending on sachez.29
De mesdire, coment ke seit,
E tuz jurs frunt mauveis record,L823 [L823] funt [OV] 29
824 U seit a dreit u seit a tort.
De ceo quident fere bon plet,
Si de lur proeme dient le let.L826 [L826] del lur [V] 29
Il quident estre tenuz plus cher,
828 Si par mal poent autre empeirer.
Empeirer gueres ne porrunt mie,
Tut dient il lur grant folie;L829 [L829] they will not be able to do great harm, even though they say foolish things.29
Tost aparceverunt sage gent
832 Lur mauvesté apertement,
Car ja ben dire ne porrunt,
Por ceo ke en custume ne l'unt.L834 [L834] $$ coe [V] 29
Ore les lessez fere, beau pere,
836 Ceo k'il unt usee sa en arere,
Car de escufle u de busard [f.255a]
Bon ostur averez vus mult tart.L838 [L838] mult not in [O] 29L837 [L837] Proverbial; cf. Morawski 1514 Len ne puet faire de buisart espervier, also 96, 965 and T.-L. 1, 1197-8.29
A sages vus acumpaignez,
840 Vus ne i perdrez, si ne i gainnez;L840 [L840] ni perdez ren si [O] perdez si en g. [V] 29
En pes serra vostre curage
En cumpaignie de home sage;
E si les fous vulez crere,L843 [L843] vulez crere Burghardt, op. cit., pp. 51, 57, 63, sees this and the examples in 1037, 1414 (and possibly 1459, 1742) as circumlocutions of the simple verb. However, it is doubtful whether any of the cases he mentions should be so taken.29
844 Ja nen averez vus pes en terre.L844 [L844] Ia nen nauerez pes [V] Ia ne auerez pes [V] 29
Jo lou ke vus ne mettez mie
Tun sen cuntre lur folie,L846 [L846] encuntre [O] 29
Car si il ne mesdeissent de tei,L847 [L847] mesdient [OV] 29
848 De autre le freient, si cum jo crei.
Ennuuse lange e mauveise,L849 [L849] Enuyuse [OV] 29L849 [L849] Ennuuse Koch prints enviuse from OV. The Perceval 1241 has enuiouse with lange.29
Quant ne mesdit, n'est pas a eise.'L850 [L850] mefet [V] 29L850 [L850] Q. ele ne m. [O] 29
LE VEILLARD
'Beau fiz,' respunt dunc li veillart,L851 [L851] dunc not in [O] 29
Page 29
852 'Ben dites veir, si Deu me gart,
N'ad home ke seit u eit esté
Ki peust estuper lur mauvesté.L854 [L854] poet [O] 30L854 [L854] Some hesitation in the transcription of estuper is caused by a dot at the top of the stem of p, making the word at first appear as estirper, a variant of estreper.30
Dunc lou jo ben, sanz repentir,
856 Ke nus les lessum a cunvenir.L856 [L856] Ke nus lessum cil a. [OV] 30L856 [L856] Cf. 397 and note.30
Mes, beau fiz, sachez le vus,
De un autre ren sui anguissus,
Ke jo sui sanz ma deserteL859 [L859] io not in [O] 30
860 Ore cheet en grant poverte.L860 [L860] chew [V] 30
De tutes parz mei curent sure
Pleintes, dolurs e mesaventure,L862 [L862] e not in [V] 30
Defautes, feim e sei e freit,
864 Une de ses trubler mei deit.L864 [L864] ses ces [O] ceus [V] 30L864 [L864] ses = ces.30
E mult me greve, sachez, sanz fin,L865 [L865] I have interpreted sanz fin here and in 1492 in the accepted sense of continually. However, one wonders, given its appearance each time with sachez and the fact that in 1492 enjambement is necessary to keep the usual sense, whether sanz fin could mean indeed, in truth.30
Ke tant sunt riches tut mi veisin.
Or e argent unt il assez
868 E trestutes lur voluntez,
Fors jo ki sui sul meseisee:
Mar vint le hure ke jo fui né.'L870 [L870] fu ieo [O] 30
L'ENFANT
L'enfant respund: 'Merci, beau sire.L871 [L871] b. pere [O] 30
872 Ceo ne vodrei pas ore oir direL872 [L872] oyr ne dire [O] 30 [f.255b]
Ke vus maudissez ta vie
Por nule empeinte de folie.
Deskes ore me avez ben entendu,
876 E jo te ai aukes ben defendu
De doleir por nule aventure,
E ke od vus eussez sen e mesure.L878 [L878] ussessez [O] 30L878 [L878] The construction is somewhat elliptical, as the sense of command which is negatively expressed by defendu 876 must be understood positively here, that is with the sense of recommend.30
Uncore dirreie ci endreitL879 [L879] dirrei. e ci e. [O] dirrei e ci e. [V] 30
880 Mun avis, cument ke seit,
Si a vus ne annue ma resun.'L881 [L881] Sa a uus namye [O] Sire ne ws plest mie ma r. [V] 30L881 [L881] The reading of L is at first sight annile (so Koch), but a close examination shows a stain on the manuscript which gives the impression of lengthening the second minim of the u.30
[LE VEILLARD]
'Ne place a Deu,' fet li prudum,L882 [L882] a not in [V] 30
Page 30
'Mes mult me set e mult me plest.'
[L'ENFANT]
884 L'enfant respund e cil se test:
'Sire,' fet cil, 'par mun chef,L885 [L885] fet il [O] 31
Jo vus dirrai cuntre cest gref:L886 [L886] co gref [V] 31
Poverte ke vus tant blamez,
888 Vus mesfetes si ne l'amez,L888 [L888] me fetez sil ne a. [V] 31
Car primes vus fist ele cumpaignie,
Quant entrastes en ceste vie.L890 [L890] Disticha Catonis I, 21: Infantem nudum cum to natura crearit, paupertatis onus patienter ferre memento. Cf. also J. Morawski, Les Diz et Proverbes des Sages (Paris, 1924), p. 64, CXCI: Tout nud fuz nez de ta propre nature, Riens n'apportas: tout gist en aventure.31
Ren ne i portastes si lui nun,
892 Ele fu tute ta possessiun,
Ne n'aviez mie tant de gagesL893 [L893] Nen nauiez [O] Ne auiez [V] 31
Dunt pussez vus coverir les nages.L894 [L894] vus not in [O] 31
Por ceo la dussez mult amerL895 [L895] d. plus amer [OV] 31
896 E mult cherir e honorer.L896 [L896] anurer [O] 31
Deu, quant en terre cunversa,
Mult la honora e preisa.L898 [L898] Mut la p. e h. [OV] 31
Mult preisez ore Deu petit,
900 Quant vus tenez si en despit
La chose k'il plus amat en terre,L901 [L901] kil ama plus [V] 31
Quant il vint les seinz cunquerre.
Seure chose ad en poverte,L903 [L903] I have found no exact parallel for this proverb.31
904 Hoem ne i avera dolur ne perte.
Si freit avez u sei u feim,
Trop ne en pensez cuntre demein,L906 [L906] en not in [V] 31L906 [L906] Take not too much thought for the morrow on this account.31
Car icil ki vus furma [f.255c]
908 Assez tost vus pestera.
Ore me dirrez cum ciw u borne:L909 [L909] dirrez not in [O] 31
Issi me dune Deu boef par la corne.L910 [L910] doine [V] 31L910 [L910] The meaning appears to be So God is giving me a gift that has dangers attached. The proverb Dieus done le buef, més ce n'est pas par la corne (Morawski 580) is rendered by Cotgrave (s.v. boeuf) God gives things plentifully and without perill.31
Vus mesquidez. Savez por quei?
912 Si nel savez, jo le vus dirrai:L912 [L912] Si vus uulez [O] 31
Deu nule creature ne fist
Ke vitaille ne li porveist.
Page 31
Autrement porreit chescun direL915 [L915] purra [V] 32
916 Ke Deu l'ust fet por lui oscireL916 [L916] lui not in [V] 32
De feim u de freit u autrement;L917 [L917] De f. u f. [O] De f. de f. [V] 32
Ne place a Deu omnipotent.L918 [L918] a not in [OV] 32
Ben li porveit sa potureL919 [L919] sa pouerte [O] poesture [V] 32
920 Deu, quant fet sa creature,L920 [L920] Deu cuntrefet [O] 32
Car en wrec ne larrad mie,L921 [L921] en wrec in penury, uncared for. One would expect nel larrad, though all MSS. have ne larrad. See Introduction, p. xvii.32
Quant l'ad mis en ceste vie.
As bestes pert e as oiseals volanzL923 [L923] A b. pest e a o. [V] 32
924 E en la mer as peissuns nuanz,L924 [L924] E not in [V] 32
Car quant le jur apert tut cler,
Ne sevent pas de quei disner.L926 [L926] pas difiner [V] 32
Car cum einz dis, lur porverrat
928 Icil Deu ki fet les ad,
Si ert chescune creatureL929 [L929] Seit ch. [V] 32
E beauz e runz en sa nature.L930 [L930] beauz gay<bald; cf. 249 and note.32
Mes vus, ki dussez guverner
932 Quanke vit en terre e en mer
Desuz Deu, por lui servir,
Vus memes ne savez meintenir.
Quant plenté averunt tute ren,
936 Dunc n'averez vus gueres de ben.
Savez por quei? Jo le vus dirrai
E en escrit le vus troverai:L938 [L938] le not in [V] 32
Quant vus en estes trop curius,
940 Deus em pensera le meins de vus.
Vus quidez ke vostre porveance
Plus vaille ke Deu e sa pussance; [f.255d]
Por ceo en avez fautes le plus
944 Ke desesperez de Deu la sus.L944 [L944] desperez [OV] 32
Poverte est en sei mult fine
E si est nette e enterrine.L946 [L946] aterryne [O] 32
Si por lui estes anguissus,L947 [L947] E pur [V] 32
948 Ele est mult plus encumbré de vus,
Car de tun quor avendrat
Page 32
La mauvesté, si nule i ad.
Si de plaindre ne vus poez tenir,
952 Car ceo porra ben avenir,
Ne poet chaleir fors ke ne pusse
Ta pleinte descoverir por nul anguisse
La priveté de vostre curage.
956 Dunt vus tendrai jo a ben sage,
Car reisun deit en tute manereL957 [L957] deit ben en t. [O] 33
Veintre dolur e mettre arere.'
L'ENFANT
'Beau pere, unkore vus dirrai plus,
960 Ke vus ne seez del tut cunfus:L960 [L960] nel seez [O] 33
Si tun veisin est ja trop riche,
Il est fous large u il est chiche.L962 [L962] chinche [V] 33
Si il est chice e trop aver,L963 [L963] chinche [V] 33
964 Ja pru n'avera de sun aver,
Car endurer ne porra mie
Ren despendre por sa vie,L966 [L966] Ken en d. [V] 33L966 [L966] Ben d. ne porra mye [O] 33
Mes amasser tuz jurs tresors
968 A autrui oes, quant serra mors.
Dunc di jo ke sa richesce bele
Ne li vaut pas une cenele.
Si il seit foularge e eit assez,L971 [L971] Si il est [OV] 33
972 Gueres ne li dorra, ben le sachez,
Mes tost irra en declin
La richesce de tun veisin.
Li riches est, sachez de fi,
976 Plus dolurus e plus mari
Sovent ke li povre ne seit.L977 [L977] pore [V] 33 [f.256a]
Car, seit a tort u seit a dreit,L978 [L978] u not in [O] 33
Bailifs, viscuntes e wandelarz
980 Li pincerunt de tutes parz
E encheisun li porquerruntL981 [L981] purquerent [O] 33L981 [L981] E not in [V] 33
De li tolir ceo k'il porrunt.L982 [L982] co ki p. [V] 33
Page 33
Quant li povres s'en vet juer,L983 [L983] sen fet [V] 34
984 Cuveent al riche plegges trover,L984 [L984] a r. [O] 34
Si ert li riche plus travillee
Par tut en plez e en cuntee.
Issi avera le riche le quor amer
988 Par encheisun de sun aver;
Beivre e manger li toudra
E por pensers ne dormira,
Si avera por defendre l'aver
992 Gran amertume e grant penser.
Issi encurra ben maladie
U, poet cel estre, perdre la vie.
Dunc di jeo ben ke povere en joie
996 Vau meuz ke riche en te [le] voie.'L996 [L996] tele v. [OV] 34
LE VEILLARD
Li veil respund: 'Veir avez dit,
Mes ore mei dites un petit:L998 [L998] me d. uus un p. [OV] 34
Si jo ai eu sa en arere
1000 Joie grant en meinte manereL1000 [L1000] Ioye en mute m. [O] Ioie en hu en m. m. [V] 34
De ma richesce, mes par grant perte
Sui devenu en teu poverte,
E le record me ert mult gref
1004 De ma grant eise e de mun meschef.'
L'ENFANT
L'enfant respund: 'Certes, beau sire,
De assez porriez vus meuz dire
Ke Fortune te ad deschargee
1008 De un fes ke ele vus out trop surchargé.L1008 [L1008] charge [O] 34L1008 [L1008] f. kil [O] 34
Savez coment?' 'Beau fiz, nenal!'L1009 [L1009] Saueuz [O] 34
'Jo le vus dirrai,' fet il, 'sanz mal:
Richesce de vus est departieL1011 [L1011] partye [O] 34
Page 34
[f.256b]1012 E mult ad fet grant curteisie
Ke hunie ne vus ad ne ledengee:L1013 [L1013] Ke hume ne vus ad l. [O] Ke home ne uus nad lendenge [V] 35
De tant s'en est vers vus changee
Plus ke vers nul autre hume.
1016 Car au derein ert ceo la summe:L1016 [L1016] au d. ceo ert [O] 35
Ele perdera le hume u le hume li,
Car le un des dous ert maubailli.L1018 [L1018] de d. [OV] 35
Ja ne vus celerai,' fet il, 'beau pere,L1019 [L1019] fet il not in [V] 35
1020 Hoem veint richesce en teu manereL1020 [L1020] H. veit r. [V] 35
Quant il ne quert ren fors assez
De ceo k'il avera tant amassez:
Ceo est beivre, manger e vestirL1023 [L1023] e le v. [V] 35
1024 Od grant mesure, por Deu servir,
E del surplus a bone gent
Face aumoines e ben suvent,
Ne mie murdrir en sun tresor
1028 Cofres pleines de argent u de or.L1028 [L1028] a. e de or [V] 35
Cist veint richesce par grant reisun,L1029 [L1029] Cist v. riche [OV] 35
Car il n'e[n] tent plet si poi nun.L1030 [L1030] il ne t. [V] 35
Mes l'autre manere est trop dure,
1032 Quant richesce met le hume en cure.L1032 [L1032] le not in [O] 35
Issi le veint; savez cument?
Ore vus dirrai tut erraument:
Quant hoem se peine de sun tresor
1036 Por amasser argent e or
E ne vout de ceo ben fere,
Ceo est un langur ki est en terre.
Car sul nel porra pas tut userL1039 [L1039] ne p. [V] 35
1040 En vesture ne en chaucer,
E beiv[r]e e manger ne porra mieL1041 [L1041] En b. en m. [O] A b. en m. [V] 35
Plus de un autre en ceste vie.
E le surplus u devendra,
1044 Quant il ne autre pas ne l'avera?L1044 [L1044] pas not in [O] 35
A chef de tur, sachez de veir,L1045 [L1045] pur v. [OV] 35 [f.256c]
Le venquira icest aveir;L1046 [L1046] Len v. [O] 35
Page 35
Estranges en frunt lur voluntéL1047 [L1047] en i [O] 36
1048 E il en serra tuz jurs dampné.L1048 [L1048] Cil en s. [OV] 36
Dunc di ke ben te est avenu,L1049 [L1049] di ieo ke [O] di bien ke [V] 36
Quant cest aver avez perdu.
Si cuveitise en fust partieL1051 [L1051] len f. [O] sen f. [V] 36
1052 Od tut le aveir de ceste vie,
Sachez le vus, par ceste perte
Benuree serriez en ta poverte.L1054 [L1054] serrez [OV] 36
E si entendez un autre ren
1056 Ke jo vus dirrai ja mult ben:L1056 [L1056] jo not in [OV] 36
Si perdue avez ta richesce
U par fortune u par destresce,L1058 [L1058] U par force [OV] 36
Ne devez par reisun ren doleir,
1060 Car trestut le vostre aveir
Perdi autrui e plus assez
Devant ceo ke vus unkes l'ussez.L1062 [L1062] unkes not in [O] 36
De autrui futes joius e lez
1064 E de autrui estes si adulez.L1064 [L1064] si not in [O] 36
Ceo semble ben ke ceo seit volage,L1065 [L1065] ke seit v. [OV] 36
As fous affert, ne mie a sage.L1066 [L1066] A f. [OV] 36
Meuz vaut perdre por estre seur
1068 Ke aver de perte tuz jurs pour.'
LE VEILLARD
Li veillart dunt li respundi:
'Beau fiz,' fet il, 'ben le vus di
Ke ben me avez assuagee
1072 En icest cas de mun pensee.
Ore vus dirrai un record
Ki me fet de dreit le tort,
Car mult me greve le damage
1076 E mult mei truble le curage.
Quel ke ceo seit, sen u folie,
Ja m'estoet ke jo le vus die.L1078 [L1078] mestut [V] 36
Page 36
Jo ai par mesaventure [f.256d]
1080 Tute perdue ma engendrure,
Kar mors sunt sudeinement
Mes enfanz, dunt sui dolent.
Ja ne recoverai iceste perte;
1084 Plus est dure ke poverte,
Car la richesce de cest mundeL1085 [L1085] amount [V] 37L1085 [L1085] mund [OV] 37L1085 [L1085] ceo [V] 37
Vers mun enfant ren ne amunte.'L1086 [L1086] ne munte [O] 37
L'ENFANT
Li prudum atant se tut,L1087 [L1087] Si p. [O] 37
1088 E l'enfant la teste mut
Vers le prudum e dist en haut:
'Sire,' fet il, 'si Deu me saut,
De tute vostre aventure
1092 Ceste resemble la plus dure.
Por ceo le me avez tant celeeL1093 [L1093] Pur ceo mauez le itant c. [V] 37L1093 [L1093] le not in [O] 37
Ke avant ne l'as nomee.'
LE VEILLARD
'Ben est veir,' fet li veillart,L1095 [L1095] Len but L erased [O] 37
1096 'Car ceo fu la meillure part
Ke pesa aveie porveu,
E u tute ma fiance fu,L1098 [L1098] E not in [V] 37
Ke jo usse greinnur cunfort
1100 E remembrance, quant fusse mort.L1100 [L1100] En r. [O] 37
Car mun eir estre devreitL1101 [L1101] Ki [V] 37
De quanke jo oi gainné par dreit.L1102 [L1102] io ai g. [V] 37
Ore est mors a chef de tur;
1104 De [ceo] en ai si grant dolur.'L1104 [L1104] De ceo en ay mut g. d. [OV] 37
L'ENFANT
'Ben poet estre,' fet dunc l'enfant;
'Ore enquerrum de cest avant.L1106 [L1106] aquerrum [V] 37
Page 37
Vus mei semblez, sire, par Dé,
1108 Cum un pomer ki est chargé,
Ki se brise tut a scientL1109 [L1109] bruse [O] 38
Por une pome ki chet al vent.L1110 [L1110] a v. [V] 38
Si fetes vus, quant sanz cunfort
1112 Pleinnez de un enfant la mort.
Folie est e grant ennui [f.257a]
Mortel pleindre de mor d'autrui.L1114 [L1114] p. de la mort [O] p. la m. [V] 38
Quant cil s'en vet memes la voie,L1115 [L1115] sen not in [O] 38
1116 Il pleint celui ki le cunvoie.L1116 [L1116] Si pl. [O] 38
N'est pas sul en icest cas,L1117 [L1117] Nestes pas [OV] 38
Les hauz i sunt, si sunt les bas.L1118 [L1118] Les h. i sunt e li b. [O] 38
Sachez, en terre n'ad si haut reisL1119 [L1119] ni ad [O] 38
1120 Ne duc ne cunte ki eit paleis,
Ke acune feiz ne se pleine
De ceste perte, kek'il en gainne.L1122 [L1122] ceste part [O] 38
Car si tost pert le rei sun fiz
1124 Cum fet celui ki est mendifs,L1124 [L1124] fet not in [OV] 38
E si en ad greinnur mester
Ke n'averad un pautenerL1126 [L1126] Ke nen a. [O] Ken nauera [V] 38
Ki ben averad u set u utL1127 [L1127] bien a. seet [V] 38
1128 Porchacee par sun dedut.L1128 [L1128] Par cas e [V] 38
Mes al re cuvent por veir
Sun barnage garnir par eir.
Si il nel fet, creez en mei,L1131 [L1131] ne fet [V] 38
1132 Le reaume irrad a besley,
Car a chescun sun quor dune
Ke il enporte la corune.
Si le reis pert issi sun eir,
1136 Dunc en poet un doel aveir,
Ne mie por sei, mes por sa gentL1137 [L1137] pur sei meimes me [V] 38
Ki se demenerunt malement.L1138 [L1138] demerrunt [V] 38L1138 [L1138] si demeorent [O] 38
Quant il en ert de ci parti,
1140 Li meins pussant ert fors parti.L1140 [L1140] forparti [O] 38
Mes vus ki estes un paisant
Page 38
E si n'avez fors un enfant,
E cil vus est mort sanz faille,
1144 De ceo fetes si grant bataille
Ke ne vulez aver cunfort.
Beau duz sire, vus avez tort,
Car vus ne savez a chef de tur
1148 Si il ert sages u hasardur,
E quant il ne vus verra,
Dunc frad iceo ke lui plerra. [f.257b]
Meuz vaut, si il n'ad nul sens,
1152 Ke vostre eir moerge par tens,L1152 [L1152] murge [V] 39
Car vus serriez tute sa vie
Suvent dolent por sa folie.
Ore vus dirrai, beau sire, aprés,
1156 Por meuz sauver la vostre pes,L1156 [L1156] sauer [O] 39
Fu ceo en vus demeintenant
Quant vuliez, de engendrer enfant?'L1158 [L1158] de gu gendrer [V] 39
LE VEILLARD
'Nenal,' fet li veillart, 'beau frere.'
L'ENFANT
1160 'En ki dunc,' fet il, 'beau pere?'
LE VEILLARD
'Ceo est en Deu, le tut pussant,
Ki me grante de aver enfant.'L1162 [L1162] granta [V] 39L1162 [L1162] graunt [O] 39
L'ENFANT
'Vus dites veir,' fet il, 'par fei;
1164 Ore vus dirrai ceo ke jo i vei:L1164 [L1164] i not in [OV] 39
Si Deu vus dune,' fet il, 'enfant
Page 39
Por vus dedure ben en avant,
Si il le vus toust a chef de tur,
1168 Ne devez trop fere dolur,
Si ne vulez par mauvesté
Desdire Deu e sa volunté.
Cungé ne vus deit demanderL1171 [L1171] Quoynge [O] 40
1172 Plus al tolir ke al duner.L1172 [L1172] a t. [V] 40
Ne dolez pas, si fras ke sage;L1173 [L1173] frez [OV] 40
Ceo ke Deu fet n'est pas utrage.'L1174 [L1174] ne pas [V] 40
LE VEILLARD
'Ben poet estre,' fet li veillart,L1175 [L1175] Len with L erased [O] 40
1176 'Mes ore mei dites, si Dé vus gard,
De un aventure ke trop mei greve
E ma dolur james n'i cheve,L1178 [L1178] chive [V] 40L1178 [L1178] i not in [OV] 40
Ceo est la greinnur dolur del mund
1180 Ke plus me greve e plus cunfund.L1180 [L1180] e plus me c. [O] 40
E ben est dreit ke jo le vus dieL1181 [L1181] le not in [O] 40
Ke jo ai perdue ma duce amie
Ke ma leale espuse esteit;
1184 De ceo doler en ai grant dreit.L1184 [L1184] en ad g. d. [V] 40
Ceo fu la plus duce ke fust
E la plus franche ke l'en seust.
Leale fu mult e enterrine,L1187 [L1187] e not in [V] 40 [f.257c]
1188 De beauté passa la flur d'espine.
De tuz bens, keke l'en die,
Aveit ele mult grant partie,
E tutes femmes passa ele,
1192 Si cum saphir fet la gravele.L1192 [L1192] Si cum le s. [O] 40
Por ceo la amai tant cum jo faz,
Car ele fu mun greinnur solaz.
Ore est morte, si m'ad lessee,L1195 [L1195] est not in [V] 40
1196 Dunt ma joie est tute aquassé,L1196 [L1196] dequasse [O] 40
E si ne pus en nule voieL1197 [L1197] E si ieo ne pus [OV] 40
Dedenz mun quor recuillir joie.
Page 40
Plus tost morrai, ceo me est vis,L1199 [L1199] avis [OV] 41
1200 Ke aprés lui fusse un tel cheitifs.
Mes, beau fiz, sachez, sanz liL1201 [L1201] Mun b. f. [OV] 41
De quor serrai mult maubailli.
Ore me devez mult solacer,L1203 [L1203] Ore men d. [OV] 41
1204 Car jo en ai mult grant mester.'
L'ENFANT
'Certes, ceo est veir,' fet dunc l'enfant,L1205 [L1205] dunc not in [O] 41
'Ci en avez mester mult grant
De beau solaz e de cunfort,
1208 Car jo sai ben ke ceste mort
Perce tun quor mult plus de assezL1209 [L1209] plus ke a. [O] 41
Ke ceo ke tut as amassezL1210 [L1210] ke tu as a. [V] 41
De aventures sa en arere.
1212 Ore me entendez,' fet il, 'beau pere:L1212 [L1212] atendez [O] 41
Quant tant pleinnez vostre amie,
N'est pas merveille, si fous se i fie;L1214 [L1214] i not in [V] 41L1214 [L1214] Ne pas [V] 41
Si ele fu sage, bele e curteise,L1215 [L1215] fust [O] 41
1216 Bone serreit, si ne deveneist maveise.L1216 [L1216] Donc s. si ele d. [V] 41
N'ad suz cel home ki seit vivantL1217 [L1217] de femes in right-hand margin [V] 41L1217 [L1217] ki seit not in [O] 41
Ke ele ne deceive par beau semblant.L1218 [L1218] ele not in [OV] 41
Ele vus fet de feble fort,
1220 Ele vus fet de dreit le tort,
Ele vus fet de freit le chaut,
Ele vus fet de bas le haut,
Ele vus fet de blanc le neir,
1224 De la folie vus fra le saveir. [f.257d]
Quanke vulez, fra le cuntraire
Femme, quant serra demaleire.
Quant vus acole vostre amie,
1228 Dunc vus gardez de felunie.
N'ad femme ke seit desuz la nue,L1229 [L1229] sur la nue [OV] 41
Ke jofne seit u seit chanue,L1230 [L1230] j. seit u ch. [O] 41
Page 41
Si ele vus vout gueres grever,
1232 Ke ele ne vus face mal achever.
Tant sevent eles wanelaces,L1233 [L1233] wenelaces [O] wenlaces [V] 42
Ki ben lur fet, poi en ad graces.L1234 [L1234] Ke bien en fet [V] 42L1234 [L1234] lur not in [OV] 42
Si ele vus vout u mal u ben,
1236 Semblant ne fra de nule ren.
Dunc la creez et seet cert,
Quant felunesse vus ert en apert.L1238 [L1238] uie inserted above line after felunesse [V] 42L1238 [L1238] en not in [O] 42
Ne di pas ke tutes teles seient,
1240 Nent plus ke ceus ki me diseient
Ke le lu resemblout le chen.
Ore me poez crere mult ben,
Ne sunt pas tutes si demaleires,
1244 Mutes en sunt mult deboneires,L1244 [L1244] mult not in [O] 42
E Deus en cresse tost lur numbreL1245 [L1245] e. tut lur n. [O] 42
Ke la fausime ne les encumbre.
Mult en serreie joius e lee,
1248 Si jo susse ore de veriteeL1248 [L1248] ore la v. [V] 42
Si mutes fussent de tel affere
Dunt jo vei aukunes en terre,
De bunté pleines e de franchise,
1252 De naturesce e de bele aprise,
E grant leauté unt eles en sei,
Ceo vus pus jo affier, par fei.
E mar en seit nul en dutance,
1256 En Engletere sunt plus ke en France.
Nekedent par tut luist la lune,L1257 [L1257] lut [O] 42
En France poet l'en aver aucune.L1258 [L1258] En fr. en poet aver [OV] 42
Chescune terre, coment ke seit,L1259 [L1259] terre not in [OV] 42
1260 Ke aucun ben eit, est reisun e dreit.L1260 [L1260] r. de dr. [OV] 42
Mes de celes en est flurieL1261 [L1261] teles [OV] 42 [f.258a]
Engletere cum bele praerie.
Tuz les reames ke ore sunt
1264 Passe Engletere, e savez dunt?
Page 42
De tuz deduz e de franchise.
Si femmes i sunt de bele aprise,
Ne devez pas esmerveiller,L1267 [L1267] ameruiller [O] en meruiller [V] 43
1268 Si sunt assez li chevaler,
E tuz li autre ki sunt aprés
Sunt pruz, gentils e francs adés,
Fors sul itant ke beverie
1272 Empire mult lur bele vie.
Mes tu as ore perdu ta drue,
Ben est chose aparceue,
E vus l'avez de mult preisee:
1276 Leale fu, bele e enveisee.
Ore sai jeo ben par vostre dit
Ke vus l'amastes de grant affit.L1278 [L1278] vus amyez [O] lamiez [V] 43
Por ceo dist li Engleis trop ben:
1280 Tant cum l'amez, luez tun chenL1280 [L1280] cum ch. [O] 43L1280 [L1280] luez liez [V] 43
E ta femme e tun cheval.L1281 [L1281] E ta f. cum ch. [O] 43
Kek'il i eit, u ben u mal,L1282 [L1282] eyt b. u m. [O] 43L1282 [L1282] eit ert [V] 43
Amur prise e met en haut
1284 Chescune ren plus k'ele ne vaut.'L1284 [L1284] E ch. ren plus ke ne v. [O] 43
LE VEILLARD
Li prudum dist tut a estrus:
'Mun beau duz fiz, sachez le vus,
Ke tant sui seur e tant hardi
1288 E de sa leauté itant me fiL1288 [L1288] men fi [V] 43
Ke unkes tecche de folie
N'out ne n'avereit ma duce amie.'L1290 [L1290] Ne nout ne nauereit [O] Ne uout ne neuerreit [V] 43
L'ENFANT
L'enfant respund: "Tut seurement,
1292 Ceo poez dire ore hardiement,L1292 [L1292] peot [O] 43
Page 43
Car la mort, si cum jo quit,
Vus ad averee vostre dit.L1294 [L1294] ad not in [O] 44
Si ele fu franche e deboneire, [f.258b]
1296 La mort li ad recopé sun eireL1296 [L1296] coupe [O] 44
Ke ele ne changast sun quor avant,
Cum feverer tredze covenant.L1298 [L1298] tresze [O] treze [V] 44
Femme resemble flur de engleterL1299 [L1299] eglenter [O] englenter [V] 44
1300 E si se tent cum vent en mer,
Ore est al west, ore est en le est,L1301 [L1301] en le w. [O] el w. [V] 44
Quant plus jangleie, tantost se test.L1302 [L1302] changle [V] 44
N'ad desuz la chape del cel
1304 Ren ke se moet u seit mortel,L1304 [L1304] Ren ke se mort ke seyt m. [O] Rien que seit meur [V] 44
Ke tant se change e pres e loin,
Cum quor de femme, quant ad busoin.
Si femme sent u ben u mal,
1308 Ore est la sus, ore est la val,
Ore est dedenz, ore est dehors;
U n'ert li quor, si ert li cors.'L1310 [L1310] U nout li q. si est li c. [V] 44
LE VEILLARD
'Certes, beau fiz, ceo est ben veir,
1312 Mes vus ne entendez mun espeirL1312 [L1312] nentendez pas [OV] 44
Ke perdu ai ma leale amie,L1313 [L1313] ma bele amie [OV] 44L1313 [L1313] p. ad [V] 44
Ke fu ma joie en ceste vie,
E vus me deistes sa en arere:
1316 Ne sunt pas tutes de une manere.
Les unes sunt bones sanz faille,
Les unes ne valent une maille,L1318 [L1318] vaillent [V] 44
E les mauveises tant en funt
1320 Ke les bones crewes ne sunt.L1320 [L1320] creues [V] 44
Mes jo sai ben, keke l'em die,
Ke tutes passe la meie amieL1322 [L1322] passa [V] 44
De tuz bens e de bones murs,L1323 [L1323] bons m. [OV] 44
1324 E en ceo se tendreit ele tuz jurs,L1324 [L1324] ele not in [OV] 44
Page 44
Car l'aprise out en juvente,L1325 [L1325] Ki [V] 45
E ele i aveit mult mis sa entente.L1326 [L1326] Cele [O] 45
E ke aprent pulein en danture,
1328 L'em dist ke lung tens li dure.
Mes ma amie aveit de Deu dunL1329 [L1329] aveit out [O] 45 [f.258c]
De tutes grace[s] a grant fuisun,L1330 [L1330] graces f. [O] graces a f. [V] 45
Tut ne l'eust ele de aprise,L1331 [L1331] de prise [O] 45
1332 Car ele valut meuz en sa chemiseL1332 [L1332] vaut [O] 45
Ke tutes celes ke sunt al munde,L1333 [L1333] el m. [OV] 45
Ki les cerchast a la runde.
Car ausi seur fu jo de li
1336 Cum de mei memes, sachez de fi.
Ore est morte e trop me doil,L1337 [L1337] men doil [V] 45
E plus sui murnes ke jo ne soil.'
L'ENFANT
'Ore oi merveilles,' fet dunc l'enfant,L1339 [L1339] dunc not in [O] 45
1340 'Ke vus alez si dolusant
Por vostre amie ke leale fu.
Si vus mei ussez ben entendu,L1342 [L1342] mei not in [OV] 45
Vus lerriez cele dolur.L1343 [L1343] cel d. [V] 45
1344 Aveit ele unkes si grant amurL1344 [L1344] Aueyt unkes ele [O] 45
Vers vus, cum vus aviez vers li?'L1345 [L1345] auez [V] 45
LE VEILLARD
'Oil, e assez plus, sachez de fi.'
L'ENFANT
'Par fei, ceo est merveille grant,
1348 Car mes ne oi en mun vivant,L1348 [L1348] a mun v. [V] 45
Ben le vus di, mun beau pere,L1349 [L1349] mun not in [O] 45
Page 45
Ke femme eust iteu manereL1350 [L1350] de iteu m. [V] 46
Ke femme amast, quant fud amee.L1351 [L1351] not in46
1352 Mes oez lur dreite destinee:L1352 [L1352] dreyt d. [O] 46
Si ele se aparceit ke l'em la eime,L1353 [L1353] Si ele parceyt [OV] 46
Dunc por hunie ben se cleime,
Si tost ne devenge dangeruse
1356 U mult enrevere e trop irruse.L1356 [L1356] u trop i. [OV] 46L1356 [L1356] areure [OV] enriuere [V] 46
Si ren dites cuntre sun voil,L1357 [L1357] encuntre [O] 46
Ele vus regardera de l'autre oil.
Mes celui ki ne la eime de ren,
1360 A celui juera ele ben
E acolera e suef beisera
E par beal semblant ben le atrerra.L1362 [L1362] trera [O] 46
Mes de celui dunt est seure, [f.258d]
1364 Sachez, ne en prendra gueres cure.
Chescune femme devant l'espusailleL1365 [L1365] femme not in [OV] 46
Mult beal semblant vus fra sanz faille.
Quant ele vus dist: "Seez certein,
1368 Mun tresduz quor, car trop vus eim,"L1368 [L1368] car ke [O] 46
Dunc dist sun quor: "Vus i mentez;L1369 [L1369] vus i mettrez [O] 46
Tut autrement cherrunt les dez.
Fous se fie en mun semblant,L1371 [L1371] en lur s. [V] 46
1372 Mun quor ne i est ne tant ne quant.L1372 [L1372] Mun ni est taunt ne q. [O] Lur semblant ne vaut t. ne q. [V] 46
Ki de mun semblant mult se lue,L1373 [L1373] de lur s. [V] 46
Cil tent l'anguille dreit par la cue."L1374 [L1374] l' not in [O] 46
Mun beau pere, sachez de fi,L1375 [L1375] dount seez certeyne sachez de fi in right-hand margin [V] 46
1376 Ja nul hoem ki unkes nasqui
Ne vit ren ke tant seit volage
Cum est femme e[n] sun curage.
Coment porriez dunc aseurerL1379 [L1379] assenter [OV] 46
1380 En ta amie e tant jurerL1380 [L1380] ostant j. [V] 46L1379 [L1379] reversed in O46
Ke jamés ne se changereit
Page 46
Deske a la mort, coment ke seit?L1382 [L1382] At foot of fol. 96b Vent ou fumee ou nille en mer
est quor de femme quan vult amer [V] 47
Mes jo, ki su jofne enfant,
1384 Ore vus dirrai merveille grant:
Mult ai oi, sachez, beau pere,L1385 [L1385] sachez not in [O] 47
Femmes changer sa en arere.
Jo ai veu chaste espuse e leale
1388 En poi de ure devenir cursale,L1388 [L1388] venir [V] 47
E tele ke de dulçur n'aveit perL1389 [L1389] per espeir with s and i expuncted [V] 47
Mult felunesse au paraler,
E mult simple, duce e coye
1392 Mettre sun dru en male voie.L1392 [L1392] a m. v. [V] 47
Les plus devorz ke unt esté
Firent femmes par mauvesté.L1394 [L1394] Furent [O] 47
Si ren i ad ke lur desplet,L1395 [L1395] mesplet [OV] 47
1396 Enz en chapitres moevent lur plet.
L'une dist ke le soen mari [f.259a]
Est lere fort, si n'est par li.
L'autre dist ke le soen est un chevre,L1399 [L1399] kil s. est ch. [O] est chivere [V] 47
1400 L'espus a l'autre est felun e enrevre.L1400 [L1400] rivere [V] 47L1400 [L1400] Le espus lautre [O] 47
Icele dist ke ele ad grant dreitL1401 [L1401] mut grant d. [V] 47
Ke cil ne li fet ke fere deit.
Issi se peine por un curuz
1404 Chescune hunir sun ami duz.
Ben quide chescune ke ben se avance,L1405 [L1405] ke mut sauance [OV] 47
Si porchaser poet la deseverance;
Si nun, mult se tendra hunie,
1408 Ne il n'avera pes jur de sa vie.L1408 [L1408] Nel nauera [V] 47
Unc n'i vi femme itant amerL1409 [L1409] i not in [OV] 47
Ne tant cherir sun bacheler,
Si ele veist un plus beals de li,L1411 [L1411] veit [V] 47
1412 Ke ele nel coveitast, sachez de fi.
Vent u fumee u nyule en mer
Est quor de femme, quant vout amer.'
Page 47
LE VEILLARD
'Beau fiz, merci,' fet li prudum,L1415 [L1415] fet fe [O] 48
1416 'Por Deu e sun seintisme nun
Temprez tun dit e tun curage
Ke ne lur diez si grant utrage.
"Ne tut dire ne tut lesser,"
1420 Dist li sages en reprover.
Jo ai perdue ma duce amie,
Ke mult mei greve, keke l'em die,
E la perte ert sanz recoverer,
1424 Car jo n'averai jamés sa per.'
L'ENFANT
'Sire,' fet cil, 'mult volunters
Pes lur durrai endementers.
Por vostre amur, queke il i eit,L1427 [L1427] q. illi eit [V] 48
1428 Desoremés parduné seit.
E neporoek muz acheisuns,L1429 [L1429] enchesuns [OV] 48L1429 [L1429] E nequedent [V] 48
Ke por vostre amur lerruns,
I avereit aprés, sacher de veir,L1431 [L1431] Il verreit a. sachez de uenir [O] I uerreit [V] sachiez [V] 48 [f.259b]
1432 Por vus tolir vostre doleir.
Mes ore mei dites e repruvezL1433 [L1433] en reprouerz [O] en r. [V] 48
Ke jamés tele nen averez.
Querez la, si l'averez ben,
1436 Si vus ne demandez autre ren
Fors itele cum cele fu.L1437 [L1437] cele fu [OV] 48
E ausi jofne cum jeo suL1438 [L1438] autre si [O] 48
Vus aprendrai mult ben coment
1440 La choiserez, si jo ne ment:
Regardez l'aprise e la porture,
Sa gentrise e sa mesure.
Beau sire, ne regardez mie
1444 Ke plusurs avoegle en cest[e] vie,
Page 48
Ceo sunt les terres e les tresors;
Mes si un regardast ben le cors,
Por nul aveir, coment ke seit,
1448 A femme, sachez, ne la prendreit;
Car quant le aveir ert avalee,L1449 [L1449] est [V] 49
Al mal ert li cheitif alee.L1450 [L1450] A mal [O] 49
Richesce irra a chef de turL1451 [L1451] au c. de t. [O] 49
1452 E cil se tendra a la dolur,
Car le chatel si fu visereL1453 [L1453] ch. li fui [OV] 49
Ke ne fu coneue sa manere.L1454 [L1454] fu not in [O] 49
Mes si ele est bele e afeitee,L1455 [L1455] e feytee [O] 49L1455 [L1455] est not in [OV] 49
1456 Tut seit ele de povres nee,
Plus seur serrer de vostre amie,L1457 [L1457] serrez [OV] 49
De sun aport ne se orgoillera mie.
Si vus volez femme prendre,L1459 [L1459] Si vus deuez [O] 49
1460 Tele adevent ke vus frad despendreL1460 [L1460] auent [O] 49
Plus ke vostre rente gueres ne amunte,L1461 [L1461] gueres not in [O] 49
Ceo vus serreit un vilein cunte.
Quant vus averez femme espusee,
1464 E vers ta mesun en ert menee,L1464 [L1464] en not in [OV] 49
Plus vaudra sa robe e sun herneis [f.259c]
Ke ta rente dous anz u treis,
E ses juaus e sun argentL1467 [L1467] E ces j. [O] 49
1468 U vus ne ficherez ja le dent.L1468 [L1468] la d. [OV] 49
Ele vus repruvera mult ben:
"Cest ert e fu, sire, le men.L1470 [L1470] ert e e fu [O] 49
De mes amis vint ceste proie,
1472 Dunt jo demein issi grant joie.L1472 [L1472] d. si grant j. [OV] 49
Si vus ne me tengez issi avant,L1473 [L1473] t. ci a. [O] 49
Jo vus en faz le covenant
Ke jo me pleindrai a mes amisL1475 [L1475] Ke not in [OV] 49
1476 Ki vus frunt de mal le pis."L1476 [L1476] de m. en p. [O] 49
Si serrad en iceste guiseL1477 [L1477] serrez [O] 49
Vostre grant pes mult entreprise.L1478 [L1478] enprise [OV] 49
Ore seit issi ke si avenge
Page 49
1480 Ke vostre poeir la meintenge,L1480 [L1480] p. le m. [OV] 50
Si la menez par le pais–
Ben serra dreit, ceo me est avis–
E ses puceles oveke liL1483 [L1483] sas p. [O] ces p. [V] 50
1484 De bel atur, sachez de fi,
Od palefreis beaus e grans e seins,L1485 [L1485] E p. b. g. e s. [O] A p. b. g. e s. [V] 50
Od beles robes, od beaus loreins,L1486 [L1486] E b. r. e b. l. [O] 50
E vus averez les robes rustes,L1487 [L1487] la robes rutes [OV] 50
1488 E en dette serrez deske as cutes.L1488 [L1488] a c. [OV] 50L1488 [L1488] E serrez en d. [OV] 50
De ta femme vaut meuz la mustresun
Ke tut l'estor de ta mesun.L1490 [L1490] uostre m. [O] 50L1490 [L1490] la stor [O] 50
Si la femme vostre veisin
1492 Seit meuz vestue, sachez, sanz fin
Vus criera sur e tost e tart
E si dirra: "La male hart
Vus pende, mauveis putre vilein,
1496 Quel ke ceo seit ui u demein,
Car vus me hunissez entre gentL1497 [L1497] vus h. mei [OV] 50
Ke vus mei vestez si povrement.
De ceo ke men est, trestut sanz faille,L1499 [L1499] tut sanz f. [O] 50 [f.259d]
1500 Vus ne i avez vaillant la maille.L1500 [L1500] auez vileyn la m. [O] 50
Del men vus fetes si honorer,L1501 [L1501] anurer [O] anorer [V] 50
Ke jo en parte, ne poez endurer.L1502 [L1502] p. durer [V] 50L1502 [L1502] part [O] 50
N'ad nul si povre ici entur
1504 Ki a sa femme ne face mult grant honur,L1504 [L1504] mult not in [OV] 50L1504 [L1504] a not in [O] 50
Fors vus ki estes un teu cheitif;
Mar vint l'ure ke jo vus pris."
Suvent vus recordera ceste lessun
1508 E si vus dorra sa maleisun.
Quant la veistes al comencement,
Quant vestue fu tresrichement,L1510 [L1510] mut richement [V] 50
E les beaus aneaus par tut les deiz
1512 E ses ataches a beaus orfreiz
Page 50
E le heritage ke li chei,
Mult quidiez poi, sachez de fi,L1514 [L1514] quidez [OV] 51
Ke tel semence e si amere
1516 Vus estuast en sa aumosnere.
Ore em pernez, si en maschez,L1517 [L1517] si e [OV] 51
De tel en averez vus assez.
Iteu solaz e teu deportL1519 [L1519] s. iteu confort [OV] 51
1520 Ne vus faudra deskes a la mort.
Si issi est ke de ceste vie
Seit ta femme par tens partie,
Joier poez e plus suef vivere,
1524 Car de grant mal estes delivre.
Si de pleindre nen poez tenir,L1525 [L1525] ne p. [OV] 51
Mult meillure vus poet avenirL1526 [L1526] poez [V] 51
Ke ele ne fu, sachez de veir.L1527 [L1527] pur v. [OV] 51
1528 Lessez ester vostre doleir,
Si pensez ben ke vus estes humme,L1529 [L1529] vus not in [OV] 51
Ne devez pas por chescune pumme
Plurer cum enfant mesaffeité.L1531 [L1531] cum un e. [O] 51
1532 Ben le sachez de verité:L1532 [L1532] l'de written above pur [V] 51L1532 [L1532] pur v. [V] 51
Ki ad femme de bone part, [f.260a]
Ceo est cheance cum de hasart.'
LE VEILLARD
'Ben est veir,' fet li prudume;
1536 'La beneisun Deu e seint Pere de Rume
Pussez aver, mun tresduz fiz,
Por tun solaz e tes beaus diz,
Car en cest cas, ki fu mult dur,
1540 Mult me avez fet ben asseur.L1540 [L1540] fet not in [O] 51
Ore mei dites une demande avant,L1541 [L1541] me di [OV] 51
Pus vus lerrai pes a itant,L1542 [L1542] pes autant [V] 51
Ceo est le tut: ke mun bon ami
Page 51
1544 S'en est de cest secle parti,
E jo en sui tut sul remis,
Trop esgaree e entrepris.L1546 [L1546] engarre [O] 52
Si l'en me vousist mal espier,L1547 [L1547] Si lum en mei v. [V] 52
1548 Jo ne savereie en ki fier.
Sachez le vus, por icest casL1549 [L1549] icel cas [O] 52
Mun quor en est dolent e las.
Nule perte, ceo savez ben,
1552 Vers perte de ami ne ateint a ren.'
L'ENFANT
L'enfant respund: 'C'est un tresor
Ki mult vaut meuz ke argent u or.L1554 [L1554] mult not in [O] 52
La verité en avez vus dite:L1555 [L1555] vus not in [OV] 52
1556 Perte de ami n'est pas petite.L1556 [L1556] ne pas [V] 52
Resun ne i vei de trop doleir,L1557 [L1557] veye [O] 52L1557 [L1557] i not in [OV] 52
Fors ke vus fetes vostre vuleir.
Ke quidez vus par tun plurerL1559 [L1559] uostre p. [O] 52
1560 Vostre bon ami resusciter?
Ne poet estre, e dunc coment?
Ne aviez fors celui sulement?'
LE VEILLARD
'Nun!' fet li veil, 'de ceo me doil,L1563 [L1563] men d. [V] 52
1564 Car jo l'amai cum mun destre oil.'
L'ENFANT
'Par fai,' respundi idunc l'enfant,L1565 [L1565] respont [V] 52
'Beaus sire cher, ceo est merveille grant
Ke par un autre enz mi la mer
1568 Vuliez ta nef asseurer.
Ceste mer ki est parfunde,
Page 52
[f.260b]Ki envirune tut le munde,
De la meité ne travaille mie
1572 Cum cest secle par felunie.
Dunc signefie cest mund la mer
Por le travail e l'encumbrer.L1574 [L1574] Par ($$) [OV] 53
La mer ne fet ke fere ne deit,L1575 [L1575] La m. fet que f. deit [V] 53
1576 Mes icest mund nus tuz deceit.L1576 [L1576] tuz not in [O] 53L1576 [L1576] nus vus [O] 53
Perilz de mer eschivrez suvent,L1577 [L1577] eschium [V] 53
Les maus del mund ne sai coment.
Dunc di jeo ke les maus en terre
1580 Passent la mer en meint affere,L1580 [L1580] e meint a. [O] 53
E vus, entre cent mile maus,
Seur vus fist un ami leaus.
Ceo est iceo ke jo vus dis avant:
1584 Par un autre futes waucrant.
Mult en poez aver grant hunte,
Si vostre valur nent plus ne amunte
Ke nen avez fors un ami
1588 De tant cum vus avez vesqui.L1588 [L1588] nasquy [O] 53
Si tut li autre sunt enemis,
Mester vus avereint cent mil e dis.
Ja tant n'averez, coment ke seit,
1592 Ke vers tanz maus mester n'i eit,L1592 [L1592] nel eyt [O] 53
Ke si celui vus faut de sa,
Succurs vus frad icil de la;L1594 [L1594] icest de la [OV] 53
Si serra vostre garnesture
1596 De tutes parz par aventure.'
LE VEILLARD
Li veil respund: 'Ceo est ben veir,
Mes jo vudrei mult bien saveir
Cument jo pusse a chef venir
1600 De ta promesse e de mun desir.L1600 [L1600] p$$messe [V] 53L1600 [L1600] tun desir [OV] 53
Car la aval des funz de abismeL1601 [L1601] de f. [OV] 53L1601 [L1601] la val [V] 53
Deske enz al cel vet la fausime.L1602 [L1602] est la f. [OV] 53L1602 [L1602] Ieskes au c. [V] 53
Page 53
Por ceo ne sai de tuz eslire
1604 Ki meuz en vaut u seit le pire.L1604 [L1604] la p. [OV] 54
Jo porrei mettre ma fiance [f.260c]
U jo averei mauveis[e] cuvenance.L1606 [L1606] mauueyse c. [OV] 54
E la perte ai de mun cher ami;
1608 Ore ne pus saver en ki me fi.'L1608 [L1608] ma fi [V] 54
L'ENFANT
'Certes, sire, vus avez tort
Ke tant pleinnez iceste mort.L1610 [L1610] icest m. [O] 54
Ja nel pussez vus tant amer
1612 Ke vus ne truissez assez sun per,
Si vus ussez le acointanceL1613 [L1613] la a. [O] 54
Ke entre vus fust [e] l'aliance.L1614 [L1614] fust la a. [O] 54
Entre cinc cent mile des fausL1615 [L1615] c. c. e mil de f. [V] 54
1616 Poet l'em trover aukun leaus.
Por ceo vus facez de tuz amer,
Aucun vus en porra aver mester.
Tu as perdu tun bon ami,
1620 Aviez unkes mester de li?'
LE VEILLARD
'Nenal,' fet cil, 'mes de sun semblantL1621 [L1621] fet il [V] 54
E de sa promesse me alai vantant.L1622 [L1622] p$$messe men alai [V] 54
Issi l'avei jo ben espruvé,L1623 [L1623] jo not in [V] 54
1624 Unc plus leal ne fu trové.'
L'ENFANT
L'enfant respunt: 'Sire prudum,
Si sages fussez cum Salomon,L1626 [L1626] cum fu S. [O] 54
Vus en porriez estre deceu
1628 De un bon ami ben conu.
Page 54
Tuz ne sunt pas amis verrais
Ki vus losengent de dous en treis.L1630 [L1630] de d. u t. [O] 55
Ki beit e mangue a ta table
1632 Ne serra ami covenable,L1632 [L1632] ami pas c. [O] 55
Si assaé ne l'as avant;
Mar le crerras ne tant ne quant.
Car ceus ki plus vus promettereint,L1635 [L1635] prometterunt [V] 55L1635 [L1635] plus not in [OV] 55
1636 A chef de tur vus decever[e]int;L1636 [L1636] deceuerunt [V] 55
Teus juent e bel vus rient,L1637 [L1637] Teus venint [V] 55
Al paraler de vus mesdient.L1638 [L1638] A p. [V] 55
Cil vus aiment e pres e loin,
1640 Mes il vus faudrunt al grant busoin.L1640 [L1640] a g. b. [V] 55L1640 [L1640] Mes cil [V] 55
Ceo est le amisté de mein en mein: [f.260d]
Tant as, tant vaus, e tant vus aim.
De teus en averez vus assez,
1644 Deske les eez ben espruvez;L1644 [L1644] D. vus les eez [O] 55
Amis vus serrunt deskes en terre
Tant cum vus lur porrer nul ben fere.L1646 [L1646] Tant ke vus [O] 55
Si mester avez de lur aie,
1648 Perdue averez lur cumpaignie.
A l'envesprer lue l'en [le] jur,L1649 [L1649] l. len le j. [OV] 55L1649 [L1649] envespreye [O] 55
Si fet l'em de ami la grant amur.
Mes tun ami ke tant amastes,
1652 Unkes en busoin ne l'espruvastes,L1652 [L1652] en un b. [V] 55
Poet cel estre k'il vus faudreit,
Quant il vus plus aider devreit.L1654 [L1654] Qua [O] 55
Dunc di jo ben ke vus avez tort,
1656 Quant ne vulez aver cunfort
De tun ami ki en busoinL1657 [L1657] boloyn [O] 55
Ne vus fist regard ne pres ne loin.L1658 [L1658] f. r. pres [V] 55
Querez vostre ami, si li espruvez,
1660 E quant vus ben leal le truvez,L1660 [L1660] vus not in [V] 55
Meintenez le, si fras ke sage;L1661 [L1661] frez [OV] 55
Tut li dirrez vostre curageL1662 [L1662] durrez [O] 55
E il a vus, e vus a li,L1663 [L1663] Cil a uus [V] 55
Page 55
1664 Dunc serrez vus le soen ami.
E si plus de un poez gainner,L1665 [L1665] E si de un plus p. [OV] 56
Plus en poez asseurerL1666 [L1666] enseurer [OV] 56
Cuntre les maus de ceste vie,L1667 [L1667] le m. [V] 56
1668 Ke tant est pleine de tricherie.
De ure en autre, de jur en jur,
Mult en dussez aver pour,
Ne mie doleir, savez por quei?
1672 Jo le vus dirrai en bone fei:L1672 [L1672] le not in [O] 56
Tant cum vus en joirez plus,L1673 [L1673] ioyerez [O] 56L1673 [L1673] en not in [O] 56
Tant serrunt vos enemis cunfus.
Si vus en dulez de nule ren,
1676 Il en rierunt, sachez le ben.L1676 [L1676] riereyent [O] rierent [V] 56
Si ma priere poet ren valeir, [f.261a]
Jo vus toudrai icest duleir.
Regardez ben vostre nessance
1680 E la vie de vostre enfance:
Le meillur ami, quant futes né,
Si fu cele ke vus out porté
Dis meis en sun ventre demeine
1684 E mult por vus suffri grant peine;
Unkes pus tel nen aviez
Pus cel ure ke futes nez.
Issi pleint l'em les adventizL1687 [L1687] enuentis [OV] 56
1688 Plus ke ne fet sa mere le fiz.L1688 [L1688] ne fet fauz mere [O] 56
Par duçur e par debonerté
Fu primes tun ami porchacé,
De vus vint primes la encheisunL1691 [L1691] len encheisun [V] 56
1692 Ke il vus ama tant par reisun;L1692 [L1692] il not in [O] 56
Ta grant valur e ta franchiseL1693 [L1693] Ta v. e ta grant fr. [O] Tant g. v. e tant grant fr. [V] 56
De vus amer li fist l'emprise.
Par mauvesté e par felunie
1696 Sanz ami serriez tute ta vie.L1696 [L1696] serrez [OV] 56
Sachez ke leal ami atret
Vostre grant ben ki bon le fet,
Page 56
Dunc estes vus li menestrel
1700 Ki fet le ami de home mortel.
Si vostre ami seit ore mort,
Vus devez aver mult grant cunfort
Ke li mestre uncore vit
1704 Ke si bon ami avant le fist.
Ne devez pas dunc desesperer,L1705 [L1705] de esperer [V] 57L1705 [L1705] pas not in [OV] 57
Quant nen as ubblié vostre mester
De fere un ami, jofne u chanu,
1708 Autresi bon cum celui fu.
Ceo semble ben ke seit enfanceL1709 [L1709] ben not in [OV] 57 [f.261b]
De doleir por tele meses[tan]ce;L1710 [L1710] d. de tel m. [OV] 57
Vus ne i gainnerez a chef de tur
1712 Fors pesantume de ta dolur.'
LE VEILLARD
'Ben poet estre,' fet il, 'beau frere;
Iceste vie, ke tant est amere
Sulunc vos diz, nent plus ne amunteL1715 [L1715] nen plus [V] 57
1716 Fors por vostre vie mettre a hunte.L1716 [L1716] por not in [V] 57
De Deu seez vus beneit, beau fiz.
Meuz le vei ore ke einz ne fiz
Par ta reisun e par tun dit.
1720 Preiser en poum nus mult petitL1720 [L1720] mult not in [V] 57L1720 [L1720] Penser [OV] 57
Les aventures de ceste vie,
Car mei semblereit mult grant folieL1722 [L1722] mult not in [OV] 57L1722 [L1722] semblerent [O] 57
Suffrir une mesaventure
1724 E doleir trop a desmesure.L1724 [L1724] e a desmesure [O] 57
En l'un avereit assez de mal
De fere un anguisse cural.
Ore ne [vus] sai jo nent plus dire,L1727 [L1727] vus not in [OV] 57
1728 Car vus m[e s]avez ben descunfire.
Par mun seig[nur s]eint Pere le apostre,
Ore seit la mestrie tut vostre.L1730 [L1730] trestute la m. vostre [O] 57
Page 57
Encuntre sen e cuntre reisunL1731 [L1731] encuntre r. [OV] 58L1731 [L1731] e not in [V] 58
1732 Ne dei par dreit aver fuisun.
Nel vus di pas par cuverture,
Mult ad en vus sen e mesure.L1734 [L1734] Mut est en vus [O] 58
Ki me deist ke jofne leger
1736 Ne deit sen ne resun aver,
Jo li desmentireie sanz faille,L1737 [L1737] dementirai [V] 58
Car sanz dute ceste bataille
Me ad fet trover ceo ke jo quis:L1739 [L1739] ore expuncted [V] 58L1739 [L1739] tr. ore cest [V] 58
1740 En jofne age sen ben assis.
Des ore voil cunseiller les veuz, [f.261c]
Si il se voelent tenir al meuz,L1742 [L1742] Si il le veylle t. [O] Si se voillent t. a m. [V] 58
Ke il ne blament a desmesure
1744 Jofne por sa bele enveisure.L1744 [L1744] la bele e. [O] 58
Beau duz fiz, a vus me rent,
Vus me dirrez vostre talent,
Ceo ke vus vulez ke jo faceL1747 [L1747] voillez [V] 58L1747 [L1747] vus not in [OV] 58
1748 Fors ke jo aie la vostre grace.'L1748 [L1748] la not in [OV] 58L1748 [L1748] jo [OV] 58
L'ENFANT
L'enfant respund: 'Vostre merci
Del ben ke me avez dit ici.L1750 [L1750] me not in [O] 58
Si sen i ad e Deus i mist,
1752 Ki le cors e l'alme fist,
Deu le meintenge, si lu plest,
E cresse en ben, en joie e en het.L1754 [L1754] e en j. [O] 58
Sire prudum, e vus si face,L1755 [L1755] Si p. [V] 58
1756 Deu vus doint la sue grace.L1756 [L1756] doine [V] 58
Cunfortez vus ben, si seez lee,L1757 [L1757] e seez le [O] 58L1757 [L1757] vus not in [V] 58
Tan[t] cum vus avera Deu destinee,
Si cum fet iceste flur
1760 Ki ben veez ici entur.
Ceo semble ke ce[ste pr]aerie,
Ke pert ore si ben flurie,
Page 58
U ke ele eit joie mult parfite,L1763 [L1763] mult not in [OV] 9999
1764 U en sa manere se delite.
Por ceo n'ad le hume gueres de tort,L1765 [L1765] de not in [O] 9999
Si il se peine de aver cunfort.L1766 [L1766] il not in [V] 9999
E vus ne vus esmaez de ren,
1768 Par mun cunseil, fetes le ben.
Requerez le fiz seinte Marie
Ke il garisse la vostre vieL1770 [L1770] telescoped Ke sanz encumbrer pussez viure [O] 9999L1770 [L1770] Ke nus e uus tut iours guie [V] 9999
En joie e en ben, sanz encumbrer,
1772 Ki poet e set tut guverner,
E vus doint poeir de lu servir, [f.261d]
E en sun servise ben meintenir,L1774 [L1774] E eynz sun s. [O] 9999
E vus doint aver bone finL1775 [L1775] doinst [V] 9999
1776 E a lui aler le dreit chemin,L1776 [L1776] a not in [O] 9999
E vus e nus e tut li vifL1777 [L1777] le vif [V] 9999L1777 [L1777] E nus e vus [OV] 9999
Ki averunt oi icest estrif.
Amen, amen, chescun en die.L1779 [L1779] en not in [V] 9999
1780 Ore nus ait seinte Marie.' Amen.L1780 [L1780] Ore nus ait tuz le fiz M. [O] 9999
explicit [explicit] Explicit liber qui vocatur peti ple [V] 9999
Page 9999
End
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