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utlage (c.1136-37)

The form ultlage is a cross reference to the following entry:

utlage (c.1136-37)

hutlage;  otlage;  outlage,  outlaghe;  udlage,  uthlage,  utlaghe,  utlague,  utlaige;  utlawe  (ula (l. ula[ge]?)  TLL ii 89 ulage  Reis Britt1 20 (var.) ullague,  ullaugue  Brut WACE 5410 ultlage  Waldef BB 120 uslague  TLL i 393 utalage  YBB 14-15 Ed III 281 (var.))  
  FEW:  utlage 17,416b Gdf:  ulage 8,113b GdfC: TL: ullage 11,33 / utlage 11,69 DEAF:  utlage  DMF: TLF: OED:  outlaw n. and a.  MED:  outlau(e n.  DMLBS:  utlaga 3575b
ls(loanword: M.E. )
le

While it is possible to read the word as utlagé, i.e. the p.p. of utlager used as a s. (‘one who is outlawed’ vs. ‘outlaw’), with some editions indeed preferring to use the accent, the English etymology suggests that the accent is unnecessary; see also FEW utlage 17,417a. Nevertheless, see utlager for a small number of instances where the form suggests the existence of a past participle used as substantive. The DMLBS has examples of utlagatus used as a substantive sub utlagare (3575c). In English, outlawed as a substantive is not attested in the medieval period.

s.

lawoutlaw, one who is deprived of the benefit and protection of the law (usually resulting in that person's exile)
( c.1136-37; MS: s.xiiex )  Saxiens [i] encuntrerent Qui la terre lur defendirent; Uthlages erent, pur ço le firent  GAIMAR1 2026
( c.1240; MS: c.1300 )  Hardiz fu et pruz chivaler, Utlage devint et fort et fer  Mir N-D 264.10
( s.xiiiex; MS: s.xiv1/3 )  tote manere d'obligacions entre utlaguez [...] se derumpent, desjognent e se defunt par tiel jugemenz  Mir Just 125
( 1392-93 )  negligences, concelementz, receptes des felons et utlawes, extorsions, oppressions, excesses, et autres trespas queconques  King’s Council Ireland 150
( 1471-81; MS: 1482 ) home qe est utlagé est dit ‘utlage’, et feme qe est utlagé est dit ‘wayve’  Littleton 35.186
ship.pirate
( 1155; MS: s.xiii4/4 ) de la mer guarde prendreit, E lé rivages guardereit Que ullague n'i passereit  Brut WACE 5394
( 1190-93; MS: s.xiv1 ) Cist Lotebroc e ses treis fiz Furent de tutes genz haiz, Car utlages furent en mer: Unc ne finerent de rober, Tuzjurs vesquistrent de ravine  S Edm Life ANTS 1907
( s.xiiiin; MS: s.xiii2/4 )  Tant ad d'utlages en la mer Ki vunt e vienent pur robber Les nefs  S Jean ANTS 5683
( s.xiii1/3; MS: s.xivin )  En neif repairent vivement. [...] De utlages sunt dunc asailliz  Brut Royal 631
( s.xiv2/3; MS: s.xivex )  Cestui prodomme estoit donqe alé a le meer, qar il soleit garder pur utlages et robbeours qe par la ne venissent a terre pur malfeare  Brut Prose (1332) 3043
( MS: s.xiii/xiv )  Cilix, -cis: est latro maris, gallice uslague  TLL i 393

[gdw]

See also:

utlagable  utlagatum  utlagerie  utlager 
This is an AND2 Phase 4 (N-O/U-P-Q) entry. © 2013-17 The Anglo-Norman Dictionary. Updated AND2 Phase 6 (T-Z) © 2022-25 The Anglo-Norman Dictionary. All rights reserved. Funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council of the United Kingdom.
ultlage