orage1 (s.xii1/3)

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orage1 (s.xii1/3)

[ gdw]

[ FEW: 25/ii,952a *auraticus; Gdf: 5,611b orage; GdfC: 10,237a orage; TL: 6,1173 orage; DEAF:  orage; DMF:  orage; TLF:  orage; OED:  orage n.; MED: ; DMLBS: ]
horage,  aurage  52.742  

The sense of ‘favourable wind’ is etymologically older, attested in Classical Latin aura (cf. or2) and derived from Ancient Greek αυρα. From that, the sense ‘weather conditions’ or ‘atmosphere’ developed, already in Classical Latin. The chronologically secondary but much more common sense (both in Anglo-Norman and continental French) of ‘storm’ may have been attained, initially, through the use of adjectives such as grant, mal, malveis. The word seems to be used mainly (though not exclusively) in a nautical context.

s.

1meteo.ship.(favourable) wind, weather
( 1121-25; MS: s.xiv1 ) la mer fud tant paisible Pur quei unt le curs mult peinible. [...] Deus les succurt par orage: Terre veient e rivage  793
( s.xii4/4; MS: s.xii4/4 )  Guard les, sire, d'aversitez, [...] E bon orage lur destine  2578
( 1190-1210; MS: c.1300 )  Lur sigles treiunt sus al vent, Orage ont bon e a talent  4183
( c.1230; MS: s.xiiiex )  Siglant vont par bel orage  230
meteo.weather conditions, atmosphere
( s.xiiiin; MS: s.xiii2/4 )  U les esteilles el ciel ne perent, Ki tant cleres e beles ierent, Dunt tant se changent les orages Que trop en vienent granz damages, E en peril en chiet le mund  8169
2meteo.violent, tempestuous wind, storm
( s.xii1/3; MS: s.xiiex )  (through the power of coralium) [...] Ne gresles ne altres orages [...] ne fait damages  48.501
( s.xii3/3; MS: s.xiiim )  Ne criem orage ne tempeste  1010
( 1150-70; MS: 1225-1300 )  Plus de cinc jurs en mer lur dure Li orages e la laidure  2967
( c.1200; MS: s.xiii1 )  Dementers ke la virgne cest oreisun dist, Mult fort prist a toneir e grant horage fit  356
( c.1200; MS: c.1220-40 )  S'il ci (=the temple) venent pur estre asseuré E il vus requerent de bone volenté, Sucur les, sire, pur vostre pité, U si tempeste surde sudeinement De mal orage, u morine de gent [...]  (E) 13004
or#2  oré#1 
This is an AND2 Phase 4 (N-O/U-P-Q) entry. © 2013-17 The Anglo-Norman Dictionary. All rights reserved. Funded by the Arts and Humanities Research Council of the United Kingdom.
orage_1